Estimation of daily selenium intake by 3- to 5-year-old Japanese children based on selenium excretion in 24-h urine samples

• Published in: Journal of Nutritional Science Vol. 8; p. e24
• Main Authors: Nakamura, Yoshitaka, Fukushima, Michiko, Hoshi, Seiko, Chatt, Amares, Sakata, Takashi
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Cambridge University Press (CUP) 01.01.2019; Cambridge University Press
• Subjects: Body Weight; Child, Preschool; children; cities; Dietitians; Early childhood; Eating; excretion; Female; females; Humans; Japan; Japanese people; Laboratories; Male; males; Medicine; Metabolism; Methods; Micronutrients; Neutron Activation Analysis; Neutrons; Nutrition. Foods and food supply; Nutritional Status; Parents & parenting; R; Recommended Dietary Allowances; Reference materials; Research Article; Scientific imaging; Selenium; Selenium intake; separation; Tolerable Upper Intake Level; TX341-641; Urine; Japan; Early childhood; Urine; Micronutrients; SRM, standard reference material; NIST, United States National Institute of Standards and Technology; INAA, instrumental neutron activation analysis; NAA, neutron activation analysis; Selenium intake; AAS, atomic absorption spectrometry; PC-INAA, pseudo-cyclic instrumental neutron activation analysis; ICP, inductively coupled plasma
• ISSN: 2048-6790; 2048-6790
• DOI: 10.1017/jns.2019.21

To evaluate the daily Se intake of 3- to 5-year-old Japanese children, we used seventy-two urine samples collected from fifty-three children (twenty-seven male and twenty-six female) from two cities in Miyagi prefecture, Japan. For measuring low Se concentrations with high precision, accuracy and rapidity in the 24-h urine samples, we developed an instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) method, that is without any chemical separation, using the short-lived 77m Se ( t 1/2 = 17·4 s) nuclide. The estimated Se intake of the fifty-three children was 51·5 ( sd 30·2) µg/d (geometric mean: 42·7 µg/d). Ten subjects (three male and seven female), successfully provided 24-h urine samples over two or three consecutive days; their Se intake was 37·4 ( sd 5·9) µg/d. Based on the logarithmically transformed data of these ten subjects, the ratio of intra-/inter-individual variances of usual Se intake was 16·7 (28·0/1·7) and geometric mean was 27·7 µg/d. The 5th to 95th percentile of usual Se intake of these ten subjects was 17·5 to 40·4 µg/d, which ranged between the recommended dietary allowance and tolerable upper intake level of Se by the Dietary Reference Intakes for Japanese (2015).