In situ high-temperature X-ray and neutron diffraction of Cu–Mn oxide phases

• Published in: Journal of materials science Vol. 45; no. 4; pp. 1056 - 1064
• Main Authors: Wei, Ping, Bieringer, Mario, Cranswick, Lachlan M. D., Petric, Anthony
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York Springer US 01.02.2010; Springer; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Characterization and Evaluation of Materials; Chemistry and Materials Science; Classical Mechanics; Copper; COPPER IONS; Crystal structure; Crystallography and Scattering Methods; Crystals; Electrical conductivity; High temperature; LATTICE PARAMETERS; Manganese ions; Manganese oxides; Materials Science; NEUTRON DIFFRACTION; Neutrons; Nitrogen oxide; OXIDES; Perovskite; PHASES; Polymer Sciences; QUENCHING MECHANISMS; Site preference (crystals); Solid Mechanics; Solid solutions; Spinel; Spinel group; SPINELS; Structure; Symmetry; X RAYS; CoFe2O4; Rietveld Refinement; Neutron Diffraction; Tetrahedral Site; Octahedral Site
• ISSN: 0022-2461; 1573-4803
• DOI: 10.1007/s10853-009-4042-2

Copper–manganese oxides were analyzed by in situ high-temperature powder neutron and X-ray diffraction to investigate their crystal structure. Cu–Mn spinel was found to form a continuous solid solution with cubic symmetry between Mn 3 O 4 and Cu 2 MnO 4 . A high-temperature phase with approximate composition Cu 5 Mn 4 O 9 was shown to have hexagonal symmetry. The cation distribution and lattice parameters of Cu–Mn spinel were resolved through Rietveld refinement of in situ neutron diffraction data. The results demonstrated that the Cu ion has a lower octahedral site preference than manganese ions, and quenching is not a reliable method to determine the equilibrium structure in the system.