Influence of Extruded Soybeans With or Without Bicarbonate on Milk Performance and Fatty Acid Composition of Goat Milk

• Published in: Journal of dairy science Vol. 88; no. 2; pp. 757 - 765
• Main Authors: Schmidely, P, Morand-Fehr, P, Sauvant, D
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Savoy, IL Elsevier Inc 01.02.2005; Am Dairy Sci Assoc; American Dairy Science Association
• Subjects: alpha-Linolenic Acid - analysis; animal feeding; Animal productions; Animals; bicarbonate; Biological and medical sciences; Computer Science; Diet; Eating; Energy Intake; extruded soybean; extrusion; Fatty Acids - analysis; Fatty Acids, Volatile - analysis; feed processing; Female; Fermentation; Food Handling - methods; Food industries; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Glycine max; goat; goats; Goats - physiology; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Lactation - physiology; Life Sciences; Linoleic Acid - analysis; Lipids - analysis; Milk - chemistry; Milk and cheese industries. Ice creams; milk fat percentage; milk fatty acids; Milk Proteins - analysis; Oleic Acid - analysis; Rumen - chemistry; Sodium Bicarbonate - administration & dosage; Terrestrial animal productions; Vertebrates; extruded soybean; bicarbonate; goat; FA; milk fatty acids; ESB; Goat milk; Dairy animal; Dairy product; Lipids; Soybean; Fatty acids; Grain legume; Vertebrata; Mammalia; Dairy industry; Influence; Goat; Chemical composition; Artiodactyla; Performance; Ungulata
• ISSN: 0022-0302; 1525-3198
• DOI: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(05)72739-9

The effects of extruded soybeans (ESB) included at 0, 10, or 20% of dry matter (DM) of the diet in combination with sodium bicarbonate (0 vs. 1% bicarbonate added to DM) on rumen fermentation characteristics, production parameters, and fatty acid (FA) profiles of milk fat were examined in 30 midlactation goats and 6 rumen-cannulated goats fed high-concentrate diets (30:70 forage-to-concentrate ratio) ad libitum in a 3×2 factorial design. Diets were fed as total mixed rations. The trial lasted 13 wk with the final 9 wk as the test period. Milk yield and composition were recorded each week throughout the trial. Individual samples of milk were taken in wk 4, 7, 10, 11, and 13 to determine FA profile of milk fat. Dry matter intake and intake of net energy for lactation were not affected by dietary treatments. Feeding ESB did not modify ruminal pH or volatile fatty acids concentration in the rumen fluid, but it increased the molar proportion of propionate. Feeding ESB increased fat-corrected milk, milk fat content, and fat yield compared with the control diets. There was no change in milk protein content when ESB were fed. Feeding ESB increased the proportions of oleic, linoleic, and linolenic acids in milk fat at the expense of most of the saturated FA. It also increased the n-6 to n-3 FA ratio of milk. The largest changes in milk yield and milk composition were generally obtained with ESB included at 20% of DM. The addition of sodium bicarbonate tended to increase ruminal pH, VFA concentrations in the rumen fluid, and the molar proportions of acetate. The addition of sodium bicarbonate increased milk fat content and fat yield, with no change in milk FA composition. It is concluded that during midlactation, the inclusion of ESB to 20% of DM prevented low milk fat content for goats fed high-concentrate diets, with no decrease in milk protein content. The addition of sodium bicarbonate may enhance the effects of ESB on milk fat content and fat yield.