Recombinant cystatin-like protein-based competition ELISA for Trichinella spiralis antibody test in multihost sera

• Published in: PLoS neglected tropical diseases Vol. 15; no. 8; p. e0009723
• Main Authors: Liu, Yan, Xu, Ning, Li, Yansong, Tang, Bin, Yang, Hualin, Gao, Weihua, Liu, Mingyuan, Liu, Xiaolei, Zhou, Yu
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: San Francisco Public Library of Science 01.08.2021; Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subjects: Antibodies; Antigens; Biological competition; Biology and Life Sciences; Competition; Cross-reaction; Cystatins; Detection; Diagnosis; Dosage; ELISA; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Enzymes; Ethics; Food chains; Hogs; Immune system; Infections; Life cycle; Life cycles; Meat; Medicine and Health Sciences; Monoclonal antibodies; Parasites; Parasitic diseases; Proteins; R&D; Recombinant proteins; Recombinants; Research & development; Research and Analysis Methods; Science; Sensitivity; Serology; Serum; Specificity; Swine; Testing; Trichinella spiralis; Trichinellosis; Trichinosis; Tropical diseases; Viruses; Zoonoses; China
• ISSN: 1935-2735; 1935-2727; 1935-2735
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009723

Objectives Trichinella spiralis is a zoonotic parasite with a complex parasitic life cycle and exposed to animals or humans by infectious meat. To control transmissions of T. spiralis through the food chain to humans, sensitive and selective multihost sera-diagnosis is urgent needed for monitoring T. spiralis exposure. Methods A competition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA) for T. spiralis infection diagnosis in multihost sera was developed based on recombinant cystatin-like protein (rCLP-cELISA) as well as monoclonal antibodies. The sensitivity and accuracy of the rCLP-cELISA were quantified using swine (n = 1316), mice (n = 189) and human (n = 157) serum samples. T. spiralis-antibody targeting test ability of the rCLP-cELISA in swine (n = 22) and human (n = 36), instead of other parasites or viruses antibodies, was evaluated. Results The rCLP-cELISA showed high agreement with commercial ELISA kits in field swine sera assessed by Cohen's kappa value ([kappa] = 0.7963). And it showed 100% specificity in human trichinellosis detection with sensitivity of 96.49%, no cross-reaction with other parasite or virus infections, and high positive detection rate of 87.5% in low-dose infected swine. Besides, the rCLP-cELISA exhibited potential in the detection of T. spiralis, T. nelsoni and Trichinella T8 infections. Conclusions The rCLP-cELISA can be used for T. spiralis-associated antibody test in multihost sera.