COVID-19 and helminth infection: Beyond the Th1/Th2 paradigm

[...]in these South American populations, the high prevalence of intestinal parasitosis with soil-transmitted helminths does not appear to have provided a benefit in terms of SARS-CoV-2-related morbidity or mortality. [...]a recent study by Yatsunenko and colleagues [12] has revealed differences in...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published inPLoS neglected tropical diseases Vol. 15; no. 5; p. e0009402
Main Authors Paniz-Mondolfi, Alberto E., Ramírez, Juan David, Delgado-Noguera, Lourdes A., Rodriguez-Morales, Alfonso J., Sordillo, Emilia M.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published San Francisco Public Library of Science 01.05.2021
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Subjects
Biology and Life Sciences
Care and treatment
Clinical outcomes
Coronaviruses
COVID-19
Cytokines
Development and progression
Disease transmission
Genetic aspects
Health aspects
Helminthiasis
Immune response
Infections
Interleukins
Intestine
Lymphocytes T
Medicine
Medicine and Health Sciences
Metabolism
Morbidity
Mortality
Pandemics
Parasites
Parasitic diseases
Pathology
People and places
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Surveillance
Tropical diseases
Viewpoints
United States
Brazil
New York
Venezuela
Colombia
United States > US
Africa
Online AccessGet full text

Cover

Abstract [...]in these South American populations, the high prevalence of intestinal parasitosis with soil-transmitted helminths does not appear to have provided a benefit in terms of SARS-CoV-2-related morbidity or mortality. [...]a recent study by Yatsunenko and colleagues [12] has revealed differences in bacterial assemblages and functional gene repertoires between Amerindians in the Venezuelan Amazon when compared to US residents. [...]it is essential to remember the manifold negative effects of intestinal parasitosis.
AbstractList [...]in these South American populations, the high prevalence of intestinal parasitosis with soil-transmitted helminths does not appear to have provided a benefit in terms of SARS-CoV-2-related morbidity or mortality. [...]a recent study by Yatsunenko and colleagues [12] has revealed differences in bacterial assemblages and functional gene repertoires between Amerindians in the Venezuelan Amazon when compared to US residents. [...]it is essential to remember the manifold negative effects of intestinal parasitosis.
[...]in these South American populations, the high prevalence of intestinal parasitosis with soil-transmitted helminths does not appear to have provided a benefit in terms of SARS-CoV-2-related morbidity or mortality. [...]a recent study by Yatsunenko and colleagues [12] has revealed differences in bacterial assemblages and functional gene repertoires between Amerindians in the Venezuelan Amazon when compared to US residents. [...]it is essential to remember the manifold negative effects of intestinal parasitosis.
Audience Academic
Author Delgado-Noguera, Lourdes A.
Paniz-Mondolfi, Alberto E.
Rodriguez-Morales, Alfonso J.
Ramírez, Juan David
Sordillo, Emilia M.
AuthorAffiliation 1 Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
2 Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Biotecnología-UR (CIMBIUR), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
3 Incubadora Venezolana de la Ciencia, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas IDB, Barquisimeto, Venezuela
University of Hong Kong, HONG KONG
4 Grupo de Investigación Biomedicina, Faculty of Medicine, Fundación Universitaria Autónoma de las Américas, Sede Pereira, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 4 Grupo de Investigación Biomedicina, Faculty of Medicine, Fundación Universitaria Autónoma de las Américas, Sede Pereira, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
– name: 3 Incubadora Venezolana de la Ciencia, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas IDB, Barquisimeto, Venezuela
– name: University of Hong Kong, HONG KONG
– name: 1 Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
– name: 2 Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Biotecnología-UR (CIMBIUR), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Alberto E.
  orcidid: 0000-0003-1259-1736
  surname: Paniz-Mondolfi
  fullname: Paniz-Mondolfi, Alberto E.
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Juan David
  orcidid: 0000-0002-1344-9312
  surname: Ramírez
  fullname: Ramírez, Juan David
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Lourdes A.
  orcidid: 0000-0003-0910-5434
  surname: Delgado-Noguera
  fullname: Delgado-Noguera, Lourdes A.
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Alfonso J.
  orcidid: 0000-0001-9773-2192
  surname: Rodriguez-Morales
  fullname: Rodriguez-Morales, Alfonso J.
– sequence: 5
  givenname: Emilia M.
  orcidid: 0000-0001-7787-3051
  surname: Sordillo
  fullname: Sordillo, Emilia M.
BookMark eNp9kttq3DAQhk1JaQ7tGxRqKJTeeKOjbYVSSLenhUButr0VsjRea5GljeUt5O0rd92SDaHoQkLz_b9mNHOenfjgIcteY7TAtMKX27AfvHKLnR_NAiEkGCLPsjMsKC9IRfnJg_Npdh7jFiEueI1fZKc0sYJScpZ9WN7-XH0usMiVN3kHrrd-7HLrW9CjDf4q_wT3IYXGDvJ1hy_XHcl3alDGbvqX2fNWuQiv5v0i-_H1y3r5vbi5_bZaXt8UukR4LKAmNWVMCaharSlQY0AzXCJjCAOhKaobASXTHBNTUVC8EVQQQTTntOYtvcjeHHx3LkQ5Fx4l4QzXvKJ1lYjVgTBBbeVusL0a7mVQVv65CMNGqmG02oEsWalLaHiDwDBVa8E1xpRrBogqhMrk9XF-bd_0YDT4cVDuyPQ44m0nN-GXrDGjjJBk8H42GMLdHuIoexs1OKc8hP2UNyWEI45RQt8-Qp-ubqY2KhWQehPSu3oylddlSQVHiIpELZ6g0jLQW52Gp7Xp_kjw7oGgA-XGLga3n_oej0F2APUQYhyg_fcZGMlpGP9mLadhlPMwJtnVI5m2o5rcU2LW_V_8G0Fi5BA
CitedBy_id crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ad_2022_07_051
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_isci_2023_106167
crossref_primary_10_3390_biology12111385
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10238_021_00751_7
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ad_2022_07_014
crossref_primary_10_20396_bioe_v1i00_18331
crossref_primary_10_22207_JPAM_16_3_51
crossref_primary_10_1155_2023_5544819
crossref_primary_10_1002_iid3_573
crossref_primary_10_3390_v15010175
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_smim_2021_101530
crossref_primary_10_2147_IDR_S335447
crossref_primary_10_3390_vaccines12050459
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_tmaid_2021_102087
crossref_primary_10_1080_19490976_2021_1961202
crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2023_1233082
Cites_doi 10.1038/s41586-020-2588-y
10.1038/s41577-020-0330-5
10.1371/journal.pntd.0008628
10.1038/nature11053
10.1002/eji.202048908
10.1371/journal.pntd.0008686
10.1590/1809-4392201505883
10.15649/cuidarte.v6i2.181
10.1016/j.pt.2020.10.002
10.1016/j.virusres.2020.198018
ContentType Journal Article
Copyright COPYRIGHT 2021 Public Library of Science
2021 Paniz-Mondolfi et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.
2021 Paniz-Mondolfi et al 2021 Paniz-Mondolfi et al
Copyright_xml – notice: COPYRIGHT 2021 Public Library of Science
– notice: 2021 Paniz-Mondolfi et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.
– notice: 2021 Paniz-Mondolfi et al 2021 Paniz-Mondolfi et al
DBID AAYXX
CITATION
3V.
7QL
7SS
7T2
7T7
7U9
7X7
7XB
88E
8C1
8FD
8FI
8FJ
8FK
ABUWG
AEUYN
AFKRA
AZQEC
BENPR
C1K
CCPQU
COVID
DWQXO
F1W
FR3
FYUFA
GHDGH
H94
H95
H97
K9.
L.G
M0S
M1P
M7N
P64
PHGZM
PHGZT
PIMPY
PJZUB
PKEHL
PPXIY
PQEST
PQQKQ
PQUKI
PRINS
7X8
5PM
DOA
DOI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009402
DatabaseName CrossRef
ProQuest Central (Corporate)
Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)
Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)
Health and Safety Science Abstracts (Full archive)
Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)
Virology and AIDS Abstracts
Health & Medical Collection
ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)
Medical Database (Alumni Edition)
Public Health Database
Technology Research Database
Hospital Premium Collection
Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)
ProQuest Central (Alumni)
ProQuest One Sustainability
ProQuest Central UK/Ireland
ProQuest Central Essentials
ProQuest Central
Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management
ProQuest One
Coronavirus Research Database
ProQuest Central
ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts
Engineering Research Database
Health Research Premium Collection
Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)
AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts
Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources
Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality
ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)
Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional
ProQuest Health & Medical Collection
Medical Database
Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)
Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts
ProQuest Central Premium
ProQuest One Academic (New)
Publicly Available Content Database
ProQuest Health & Medical Research Collection
ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New)
ProQuest One Health & Nursing
ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)
ProQuest One Academic
ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition
ProQuest Central China
MEDLINE - Academic
PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)
DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
DatabaseTitle CrossRef
Publicly Available Content Database
Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional
Technology Research Database
ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New)
ProQuest Central Essentials
ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)
ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest One Community College
ProQuest One Health & Nursing
ProQuest Central China
Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality
Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management
ProQuest Central
ProQuest One Sustainability
ProQuest Health & Medical Research Collection
Health Research Premium Collection
Health and Medicine Complete (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest Central Korea
Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)
Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)
Health & Medical Research Collection
AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts
Health & Safety Science Abstracts
Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources
Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)
ProQuest Central (New)
ProQuest Medical Library (Alumni)
ProQuest Public Health
Virology and AIDS Abstracts
ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition
Coronavirus Research Database
ProQuest Hospital Collection
Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)
ProQuest Hospital Collection (Alumni)
Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts
Entomology Abstracts
ProQuest Health & Medical Complete
ProQuest Medical Library
ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition
ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts
Engineering Research Database
ProQuest One Academic
ProQuest One Academic (New)
ProQuest Central (Alumni)
MEDLINE - Academic
DatabaseTitleList Publicly Available Content Database
Database_xml – sequence: 1
  dbid: DOA
  name: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
  url: https://www.doaj.org/
  sourceTypes: Open Website
– sequence: 2
  dbid: BENPR
  name: ProQuest Central
  url: https://www.proquest.com/central
  sourceTypes: Aggregation Database
DeliveryMethod fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline Medicine
EISSN 1935-2735
ExternalDocumentID 2541857387
oai_doaj_org_article_646c6eb5b0ed4a8c95c1135c4e03a006
PMC8143422
A663950039
10_1371_journal_pntd_0009402
GeographicLocations United States
Brazil
New York
Venezuela
Colombia
United States--US
Africa
GeographicLocations_xml – name: United States
– name: New York
– name: Venezuela
– name: Colombia
– name: Africa
– name: United States--US
– name: Brazil
GroupedDBID ---
123
29O
2WC
53G
5VS
7X7
88E
8C1
8FI
8FJ
AAFWJ
AAUCC
AAWOE
AAYXX
ABDBF
ABUWG
ACGFO
ACIHN
ACPRK
ACUHS
ADBBV
AEAQA
AENEX
AEUYN
AFKRA
AFPKN
AFRAH
AHMBA
ALIPV
ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS
AOIJS
BAWUL
BCNDV
BENPR
BPHCQ
BVXVI
BWKFM
CCPQU
CITATION
CS3
DIK
DU5
E3Z
EAP
EAS
EBD
ECGQY
EMOBN
ESX
F5P
FPL
FYUFA
GROUPED_DOAJ
GX1
HMCUK
HYE
IAO
IHR
IHW
ITC
KQ8
M1P
M48
O5R
O5S
OK1
OVT
P2P
PGMZT
PHGZM
PHGZT
PIMPY
PQQKQ
PROAC
PSQYO
PV9
RNS
RPM
RZL
SV3
TR2
TUS
UKHRP
PMFND
3V.
7QL
7SS
7T2
7T7
7U9
7XB
8FD
8FK
AZQEC
C1K
COVID
DWQXO
F1W
FR3
H94
H95
H97
K9.
L.G
M7N
P64
PJZUB
PKEHL
PPXIY
PQEST
PQUKI
PRINS
7X8
5PM
PUEGO
-
AAPBV
ABPTK
ADACO
BBAFP
M~E
ID FETCH-LOGICAL-c601t-e828344a9e7fcc3e3ddec4160dd24e9c308b9e64c512d73ea5b939292c55385f3
IEDL.DBID M48
ISSN 1935-2735
1935-2727
IngestDate Fri Nov 26 17:13:16 EST 2021
Wed Aug 27 01:30:26 EDT 2025
Thu Aug 21 14:11:24 EDT 2025
Fri Jul 11 08:57:38 EDT 2025
Fri Jul 25 20:55:30 EDT 2025
Tue Jun 17 21:36:18 EDT 2025
Tue Jun 10 20:30:32 EDT 2025
Thu May 22 21:21:49 EDT 2025
Thu Apr 24 23:02:16 EDT 2025
Tue Jul 01 03:40:57 EDT 2025
IsDoiOpenAccess true
IsOpenAccess true
IsPeerReviewed true
IsScholarly true
Issue 5
Language English
License This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Creative Commons Attribution License
LinkModel DirectLink
MergedId FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c601t-e828344a9e7fcc3e3ddec4160dd24e9c308b9e64c512d73ea5b939292c55385f3
Notes ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
content type line 14
content type line 23
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
ORCID 0000-0001-7787-3051
0000-0001-9773-2192
0000-0003-1259-1736
0000-0002-1344-9312
0000-0003-0910-5434
OpenAccessLink http://journals.scholarsportal.info/openUrl.xqy?doi=10.1371/journal.pntd.0009402
PMID 34029332
PQID 2541857387
PQPubID 1436337
ParticipantIDs plos_journals_2541857387
doaj_primary_oai_doaj_org_article_646c6eb5b0ed4a8c95c1135c4e03a006
pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_8143422
proquest_miscellaneous_2532250510
proquest_journals_2541857387
gale_infotracmisc_A663950039
gale_infotracacademiconefile_A663950039
gale_healthsolutions_A663950039
crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pntd_0009402
crossref_citationtrail_10_1371_journal_pntd_0009402
ProviderPackageCode CITATION
AAYXX
PublicationCentury 2000
PublicationDate 2021-05-01
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD 2021-05-01
PublicationDate_xml – month: 05
  year: 2021
  text: 2021-05-01
  day: 01
PublicationDecade 2020
PublicationPlace San Francisco
PublicationPlace_xml – name: San Francisco
– name: San Francisco, CA USA
PublicationTitle PLoS neglected tropical diseases
PublicationYear 2021
Publisher Public Library of Science
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Publisher_xml – name: Public Library of Science
– name: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
References AE Oja (pntd.0009402.ref010) 2020; 50
T Yatsunenko (pntd.0009402.ref012) 2012; 486
World Health Organization (pntd.0009402.ref013)
R Hays (pntd.0009402.ref002) 2020; 14
C Lucas (pntd.0009402.ref009) 2020; 584
L Mwananyanda (pntd.0009402.ref004) 2021; 372
RS Bradbury (pntd.0009402.ref001) 2020; 20
M Siles-Lucas (pntd.0009402.ref003) 2021; 37
RA Oliveira (pntd.0009402.ref006) 2016; 46
D Dhar (pntd.0009402.ref011) 2020; 285
pntd.0009402.ref007
JD Ramírez (pntd.0009402.ref005) 2020; 14
JA Nastasi-Miranda (pntd.0009402.ref008) 2015; 6
References_xml – volume: 584
  start-page: 463
  year: 2020
  ident: pntd.0009402.ref009
  article-title: Longitudinal analyses reveal immunological misfiring in severe COVID-19
  publication-title: Nature
  doi: 10.1038/s41586-020-2588-y
– volume: 20
  start-page: 342
  year: 2020
  ident: pntd.0009402.ref001
  article-title: Will helminth co-infection modulate COVID-19 severity in endemic regions?
  publication-title: Nat Rev Immunol
  doi: 10.1038/s41577-020-0330-5
– volume: 14
  start-page: e0008628
  issue: 8
  year: 2020
  ident: pntd.0009402.ref002
  article-title: Helminth coinfection and COVID-19: An alternate hypothesis
  publication-title: PLoS Negl Trop Dis
  doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008628
– volume-title: Soil-transmitted helminth infections
  ident: pntd.0009402.ref013
– volume: 486
  start-page: 222
  issue: 7402
  year: 2012
  ident: pntd.0009402.ref012
  article-title: Human gut microbiome viewed across age and geography
  publication-title: Nature
  doi: 10.1038/nature11053
– ident: pntd.0009402.ref007
– volume: 50
  start-page: 1998
  year: 2020
  ident: pntd.0009402.ref010
  article-title: Divergent SARS-CoV-2-specific T and B cell responses in severe but not mild COVID-19
  publication-title: Eur J Immunol
  doi: 10.1002/eji.202048908
– volume: 14
  start-page: e0008686
  issue: 10
  year: 2020
  ident: pntd.0009402.ref005
  article-title: SARS-CoV-2 in the Amazon region: A harbinger of doom for Amerindians
  publication-title: PLoS Negl Trop Dis.
  doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008686
– volume: 46
  start-page: 241
  year: 2016
  ident: pntd.0009402.ref006
  article-title: Intestinal parasites in two indigenous ethnic groups in northwestern Amazonia
  publication-title: Acta Amaz
  doi: 10.1590/1809-4392201505883
– volume: 6
  start-page: 1077
  issue: 2
  year: 2015
  ident: pntd.0009402.ref008
  article-title: Prevalence of intestinal parasites in educational units from Ciudad Bolívar, Venezuela
  publication-title: Rev Cuid
  doi: 10.15649/cuidarte.v6i2.181
– volume: 37
  start-page: 11
  issue: 1
  year: 2021
  ident: pntd.0009402.ref003
  article-title: Potential Influence of Helminth Molecules on COVID-19 Pathology
  publication-title: Trends Parasitol
  doi: 10.1016/j.pt.2020.10.002
– volume: 372
  issue: 334
  year: 2021
  ident: pntd.0009402.ref004
  article-title: COVID-19 deaths in Africa: prospective systematic postmortem surveillance study
  publication-title: BMJ
– volume: 285
  start-page: 198018
  year: 2020
  ident: pntd.0009402.ref011
  article-title: Gut microbiota and COVID-19- possible link and implications
  publication-title: Virus Res
  doi: 10.1016/j.virusres.2020.198018
SSID ssj0059581
Score 2.3918517
Snippet [...]in these South American populations, the high prevalence of intestinal parasitosis with soil-transmitted helminths does not appear to have provided a...
SourceID plos
doaj
pubmedcentral
proquest
gale
crossref
SourceType Open Website
Open Access Repository
Aggregation Database
Enrichment Source
Index Database
StartPage e0009402
SubjectTerms Biology and Life Sciences
Care and treatment
Clinical outcomes
Coronaviruses
COVID-19
Cytokines
Development and progression
Disease transmission
Genetic aspects
Health aspects
Helminthiasis
Immune response
Infections
Interleukins
Intestine
Lymphocytes T
Medicine
Medicine and Health Sciences
Metabolism
Morbidity
Mortality
Pandemics
Parasites
Parasitic diseases
Pathology
People and places
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Surveillance
Tropical diseases
Viewpoints
SummonAdditionalLinks – databaseName: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
  dbid: DOA
  link: http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwrV1Lb9QwELbQHhAXxFMNLWAkJE7pJn5ljbiUQlWQCpct6s1K7AlZaZtd0fT_M5M4USMh9cI1HkfxeDz-Jp75zNj7QoM3BYhUKIRvytQytcZqOoPXqjYEYane-eKHOb9U36_01Z2rvignbKAHHhS3NMp4A5WuMgiqXHmrfZ5L7RVksoxk27jnjcHU4IO11f31pIhOqOJKFLFoThb5Ms7R8b7twnGfWRd_qYybUs_dP3noxX67u5nBz3ny5J3d6OwJexxhJD8ZPv8pewDtM_bwIh6UP2efTn_--vYlzS0v28Ab2F5v2q7hY-pV-5EPpSsc8R9fN_ly3QhONOBh8_v6Bbs8-7o-PU_jRQmpx3iqSwHDJqlUaaGovZcg0Wd5RFpZCEKB9TJbVRaM8ri7h0JCqStLuEh4jf5O1_IlW7S7Fg4YR3hYVibkGuqgKhswGqrLEuNGk9kqB5UwOWrK-cgiTpdZbF1_NFZgNDFowJF-XdRvwtKp135g0bhH_jNNwiRLHNj9A7QMFy3D3WcZCXtLU-iGgtJpJbsTBFlWU1Fywj70ErSWcRC-jCUJqApixZpJHs0kcQ36WfMBmck4lhuHYTeRbMlVgT1H0_l387upmV5KKW8t7G5Jhnwt-cyEFTOTm6ll3tJump4ifIUwWAnx6n_o8ZA9EpTI02d5HrFF9-cWXiMS66o3_aL7C7ehLP8
  priority: 102
  providerName: Directory of Open Access Journals
– databaseName: Health & Medical Collection
  dbid: 7X7
  link: http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwhV1Lb9QwELZgkRAXRHmooQWChMQp3SR-rRESagtVQSpctmhvkWM7zUrbZNtN_z8zjhOIhOAajxNlPDP-xp4HIe8kd0ZIlyc5A_jGREUTJRTHO3jOKoEQFvOdL76L80v2bcVX4cBtF8IqB5voDbVtDZ6Rz8GRwbJFdCE_bW8S7BqFt6uhhcZ98gBLl6FUy9XocHHFfZNSwCiYd5XLkDpHZTYPK3W0bTp75OPrwsHKsDX5Cv6jnZ5tN-1uAkKnIZR_7ElnT8jjACbj437198g91zwlDy_Cdfkz8vH0x8-vn5NMxbqxce021-umq-MhAKv5EPcJLDGgwHhZZ_NlncdYDNyur66fk8uzL8vT8yS0S0gMeFVd4sB5ooxp5WRlDHUULJcBvJVamzOnDE0XpXKCGdjjraRO81IhOsoNB6vHK_qCzJq2cfskBpCoS2Ez7irLSmXBJ6q0Bu9RpKrMHIsIHThVmFBLHFtabAp_QSbBp-g5UCB_i8DfiCTjrG1fS-M_9Ce4CCMtVsL2D9rbqyIoViGYMMKVvEydZXphFDdZRrlhLqUaTEpE3uASFn1a6ajPxTFALcUxNTki7z0FajT8hNEhMQFYgbWxJpSHE0rQRDMZ3kcxGf5lV_yWWZg5iM7fh9-Ow_hSDHxrXHuHNGhx0XJGRE5EbsKW6Uizrn2h8AWAYZbnL__98QPyKMdAHR_FeUhm3e2dewVIqytfe3X6BYk0JJ0
  priority: 102
  providerName: ProQuest
Title COVID-19 and helminth infection: Beyond the Th1/Th2 paradigm
URI https://www.proquest.com/docview/2541857387
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2532250510
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC8143422
https://doaj.org/article/646c6eb5b0ed4a8c95c1135c4e03a006
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009402
Volume 15
hasFullText 1
inHoldings 1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
link http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwhV3da9RAEF_qFcQXqV80tZ4RBJ9yXrJfWVGkPVuqcFXkTu4tJLub5uCau96loP-9M5sPDFR9yUN2NmEnM7O_yc4HIa8lt1pIGwURA_jGRE4DJRTHM3jOcoEQFvOdp5fiYs6-LPhij7Q9WxsG7u507bCf1Hy7Gv28-fURFP6D69ogw3bSaFNWZuRi5bC65D7sTRJ7GkxZd67AFXdtSwG1YCZWJJtkur89pbdZuZr-neUebFbrXQ-W9oMq_9ilzg_IwwZe-ie1PDwie7Z8TO5PmwP0J-T95OuPz5-CUPlpafzCrq6XZVX4bUhW-c6vU1p8wIX-rAjfzorIx_LgZnl1_ZTMz89mk4ugaaAQaPCzqsCCO0UZS5WVudbUUrBlGhDY2JiIWaXpOM6UFUzDrm8ktSnPFOKlSHOwgzynz8igXJf2kPgAG9NMmJDb3LBMGfCS8jQFf1KMVRZa5hHacirRTXVxbHKxStyRmQQvo-ZAgvxNGv56JOhmberqGv-hP8WP0NFibWx3Y729ShpVSwQTWtiMZ2NrWBprxXUYUq6ZHdMUjIxHXuInTOpE007DkxMAX4pjsrJH3jgKlDpYhE6bVAVgBVbL6lEe9yhBN3Vv-BDFpF3LLgF3HItv0VjCzFZ07h5-1Q3jQzEUrrTrW6RBG4y21COyJ3I9tvRHymXhSofHAI9ZFB39--XPyYMIQ3dcXOcxGVTbW_sCsFeVDck9uZBwjSfhkOyfnl1--z50_zGGTtF-A222LqI
linkProvider Scholars Portal
linkToHtml http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwtV1Lb9QwELbKIgEXxFMNFBokEKd0E7-yRiBUtlS7tFsuW9RbSGynu9I2WbqpEH-K38iM84BICE69xhNHHs-Mv4nnQcjLWFgtY0sDygG-cZmzQEkl8A5e8FwihMV859mJnJzyT2fibIv8bHNhMKyytYnOUJtS4z_yITgyWLaIjeL3628Bdo3C29W2hUYtFkf2x3dw2Tbvpgewv68oPfw4H0-CpqtAoMH5qAILPgbjPFU2zrVmloGCa4AloTGUW6VZOMqUlVzDUWhiZlORKQQRVAswDiJnMO8NcpMzUE3MTB93ISVCCdcUFTAR5nnRuEnVY3E0bCRjb11UZs_F8zU_ctqj0HUM6M6FwXpVbnqgtx-y-ccZeHiP3G3Aq79fS9t9smWLB-TWrLmef0jejj9_mR4EkfLTwvgLu7pYFtXCbwO-ijd-nTDjA-r054toOF9QH4uPm-X5xSNyei2MfEwGRVnYbeIDKE0zaSJhc8MzZcAHy9MUvFUZqiyy3COs5VSim9rl2EJjlbgLuRh8mJoDCfI3afjrkaB7a13X7vgP_QfchI4WK2-7B-XledIociK51NJmIgut4elIK6GjiAnNbchSMGEe2cUtTOo01s5-JPsA7ZTAVGiPvHYUaEFgETptEiGAFViLq0e506MEzde94W0Uk3Ytm-S3jsCbrej8ffhFN4yTYqBdYcsrpEELj5baI3FP5Hps6Y8Uy4UrTD4C8M0pffLvj--S25P57Dg5np4cPSV3KAYJuQjSHTKoLq_sM0B5VfbcqZZPvl63Lv8CRfBhLg
linkToPdf http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwtV3db9MwELdGkSZeEJ9aYLAggXjK2vgzRiA0WqqVscFDh_YWEttZK3VpWTsh_jX-Ou4SJxAJwdNe44sjn-_Ov4vvg5DnSjgjlaMR5QDfuCxYpKUWeAcveCERwmK-8_GJPDzlH87E2Rb52eTCYFhlYxMrQ22XBv-R98GRwbJFLFH9wodFfB6N366-RdhBCm9am3YatYgcuR_fwX1bv5mMYK9fUDp-Px0eRr7DQGTAEdlEDvwNxnmmnSqMYY6BshuAKANrKXfasEGSaye5gWPRKuYykWsEFNQIMBSiYDDvDXJTMZWgjiXDNrxEaFE1SAV8hDlfVPm0PabivpeS_VW5sftVbJ__qdMci1X3gPaM6K0Wy3UHAHfDN_84D8d3yG0PZMODWvLuki1X3iPbx_6q_j55Pfz0ZTKKYh1mpQ1nbnExLzezsAn-Kl-FdfJMCAg0nM7i_nRGQyxEbufnFw_I6bUw8iHplcvS7ZAQAGqWSxsLV1ieawv-WJFl4LnKgc5jxwPCGk6lxtcxx3Yai7S6nFPgz9QcSJG_qedvQKL2rVVdx-M_9O9wE1parMJdPVhenqdeqVPJpZEuF_nAWZ4lRgsTx0wY7gYsA3MWkD3cwrROaW1tSXoAME8LTIsOyMuKAq0JLMJkPikCWIF1uTqUux1KsAKmM7yDYtKsZZ3-1hd4sxGdvw8_a4dxUgy6K93yCmnQ2qPVDojqiFyHLd2Rcj6ripQnAMQ5pY_-_fE9sg1anH6cnBw9JrcoxgtVwaS7pLe5vHJPAPBt8qeVZoXk63Wr8i_i32Vk
openUrl ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=COVID-19+and+helminth+infection%3A+Beyond+the+Th1%2FTh2+paradigm&rft.jtitle=PLoS+neglected+tropical+diseases&rft.au=Paniz-Mondolfi%2C+Alberto+E&rft.au=Ram%C3%ADrez%2C+Juan+David&rft.au=Delgado-Noguera%2C+Lourdes+A&rft.au=Rodriguez-Morales%2C+Alfonso+J&rft.date=2021-05-01&rft.pub=Public+Library+of+Science&rft.issn=1935-2727&rft.eissn=1935-2735&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=e0009402&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371%2Fjournal.pntd.0009402&rft.externalDBID=HAS_PDF_LINK
thumbnail_l http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=1935-2735&client=summon
thumbnail_m http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=1935-2735&client=summon
thumbnail_s http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=1935-2735&client=summon