Ideal cardiovascular health metrics and the risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in Korean adults

• Published in: Clinical hypertension Vol. 29; no. 1; pp. 3 - 9
• Main Authors: Shim, Sun Young, Jung, Sun Jae, Kim, Seung Up, Kim, Hyeon Chang
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England BioMed Central Ltd 15.01.2023; BioMed Central; BMC; 대한고혈압학회
• Subjects: Association; Cardiovascular diseases; Cardiovascular health; Cardiovascular health metrics; Development and progression; Fatty liver; Health care quality indicators; Health status; Heart; Medical care; Medical research; Medicine, Experimental; Quality management; Risk factors; 내과학; South Korea; Association; Health status; Cardiovascular health metrics; Cardiovascular diseases; Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; Cardiovascular health; Health care quality indicators; Risk factors
• ISSN: 2056-5909; 2635-6325; 2056-5909
• DOI: 10.1186/s40885-022-00227-0

The association between cardiovascular risk factors and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is well established, but whether cardiovascular health (CVH) metrics is associated with NAFLD had not been fully studied. Thus, we examined the association between CVH metrics and NAFLD in the middle-aged Korean population. We used data of 2,928 (851 men and 2,077 women) participants aged 30-64 years from the Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Etiology Research Center study. CVH metrics were measured using a modified version of Life's Simple 7 by the American Heart Association. NAFLD diagnosis was based on the fatty liver index or liver-to-spleen ratio on computed tomography. A multiple logistic regression model was used to investigate the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between CVH metrics and NAFLD. In the cross-sectional analysis, the odds ratio for NAFLD was lower in participants with ideal CVH (odds ratio [OR], 0.13; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.08-0.18), while it was higher in individuals with poor CVH (OR, 2.87; 95% CI, 2.13-3.86). Similarly, the risk of new-onset NAFLD was lower in participants with ideal CVH (OR, 0.28; 95% CI, 0.11-0.74), and higher in individuals with poor CVH (OR, 2.20; 95% CI, 0.50-9.72) in the longitudinal analysis of a subgroup. Ideal CVH was associated with a lower risk of NAFLD while poor CVH was associated with a higher risk of NAFLD. These findings suggest that making efforts to encourage people to manage their CVH to the ideal level may prevent and manage NAFLD.