Frontoparietal attentional network activation differs between smokers and nonsmokers during affective cognition

• Published in: Psychiatry research. Neuroimaging Vol. 211; no. 1; pp. 57 - 63
• Main Authors: Froeliger, Brett, Modlin, Leslie A, Kozink, Rachel V, Wang, Lihong, Garland, Eric L, Addicott, Merideth A, McClernon, F. Joseph
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Shannon Elsevier Ireland Ltd 30.01.2013; Elsevier
• Subjects: Adult; Affect; Affect - physiology; Attention; Attention - physiology; Biological and medical sciences; Brain Mapping; Cognition; Cognition - physiology; Cortex (cingulate); Cortex (frontal); Cue reactivity; Emotion; Emotions; Female; frontal gyrus; Frontal Lobe - physiopathology; Functional magnetic resonance imaging; Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI); Functional Neuroimaging; Humans; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Medical sciences; Middle Aged; Nerve Net - physiopathology; Neuroimaging; Nicotine; Parietal Lobe - physiopathology; Psychiatry; Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry; Psychomotor Performance - physiology; Psychopathology. Psychiatry; Radiology; Reaction Time - physiology; Smoking; Smoking - physiopathology; Smoking - psychology; Emotion; Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI); Cue reactivity; Affect; Nicotine; Human; Affect affectivity; Central nervous system; Activation; Cognition; Emotion emotionality; Frontal cortex; Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging; Encephalon; fMRI; Alkaloid; Smoker; Parietal cortex; Functional magnetic resonance imaging; Medical imagery; Attentional network; Functional imaging
• ISSN: 0925-4927; 1872-7506
• DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2012.05.002

Abstract Smoking withdrawal-induced disruption of affect and cognition is associated with dysregulated prefrontal brain function, although little is known regarding the neural foci of smoker–nonsmoker differences during affective cognition. Thus, the current study used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to identify smoker–nonsmoker differences in affective cognition. Thirty-four healthy volunteers (17 smokers, 17 nonsmokers) underwent fMRI during an affective Stroop task (aST). The aST includes emotional cue-reactivity trials, and response selection trials that contain either neutral or negative emotional distractors. Smokers had less activation during negative cue-reactivity trials in regions subserving emotional awareness (i.e., posterior cingulate), inhibitory control (i.e., inferior frontal gyrus) and conflict resolution (i.e., anterior cingulate); during response-selection trials with negative emotional distractors, smokers had greater activation in a frontoparietal attentional network (i.e., middle frontal and supramarginal gyri). Exploratory analyses revealed that task accuracy was positively correlated with anterior cingulate cortex and inferior frontal gyrus response on fMRI. These findings suggests that chronic nicotine use may reduce inhibitory control and conflict resolution of emotional distraction, and result in recruiting additional attentional resources during emotional interference on cognition.