Endoscopic near‐infrared photoimmunotherapy in an orthotopic head and neck cancer model

• Published in: Cancer science Vol. 112; no. 8; pp. 3041 - 3049
• Main Authors: Okada, Ryuhei, Furusawa, Aki, Inagaki, Fuyuki, Wakiyama, Hiroaki, Kato, Takuya, Okuyama, Shuhei, Furumoto, Hideyuki, Fukushima, Hiroshi, Choyke, Peter L., Kobayashi, Hisataka
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England John Wiley & Sons, Inc 01.08.2021; John Wiley and Sons Inc
• Subjects: Adenomatous polyposis coli; Administration, Intravenous; Animals; Antibodies; Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological - administration & dosage; Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological - chemistry; Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological - pharmacology; Bioluminescence; Cancer; Cancer therapies; Care and treatment; CD44 antigen; Cell death; Cell Line, Tumor; Cloning; Endoscopy; Epidermal growth factor; FDA approval; Feasibility Studies; Female; Fiber optics; Fluorescence; Head & neck cancer; Head and neck cancer; Head and Neck Neoplasms - immunology; Head and Neck Neoplasms - therapy; Health aspects; Hyaluronan Receptors - antagonists & inhibitors; Immunotherapy; Indoles - administration & dosage; Indoles - chemistry; Indoles - pharmacology; Injection; Laboratory animals; Light; Mice; murine oral cancer; Optical Imaging; Oral cancer; Organosilicon Compounds - administration & dosage; Organosilicon Compounds - chemistry; Organosilicon Compounds - pharmacology; Original; photoimmunotherapy; Phototherapy; Surgery; Tumors; Viral antibodies; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays; United States > US; Japan; endoscopy; murine oral cancer; photoimmunotherapy; oral cancer
• ISSN: 1347-9032; 1349-7006
• DOI: 10.1111/cas.15013

Near‐infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR‐PIT) is a cell selective cancer therapy that uses an antibody‐photoabsorber (IRDye700DX, IR700) conjugate (APC) and NIR light. NIR‐PIT targeting epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in head and neck cancer (HNC) was conditionally approved in Japan in 2020. APC‐bound tumors can be detected using endoscopic fluorescence imaging, whereas NIR light can be delivered using endoscopic fiber optics. The aims of this study were: (1) to assess the feasibility of endoscopic NIR‐PIT in an orthotopic HNC model using a CD44‐expressing MOC2‐luc cell line; and (2) to evaluate quantitative fluorescence endoscopic imaging prior to and during NIR‐PIT. The results were compared in 3 experimental groups: (1) untreated controls, (2) APC injection without light exposure (APC‐IV), and (3) APC injection followed by NIR light exposure (NIR‐PIT). APC injected groups showed significantly higher fluorescence signals for IR700 compared with the control group prior to therapeutic NIR light exposure, and the fluorescence signal significantly decreased in the NIR‐PIT group after light exposure. After treatment, the NIR‐PIT group showed significantly attenuated bioluminescence compared with the control and the APC‐IV groups. Histology demonstrated diffuse necrotic death of the cancer cells in the NIR‐PIT group alone. In conclusion, endoscopically delivered light combined with quantitative fluorescence imaging can be used to “see and treat” HNC. This method could also be applied to other types of cancer approachable with endoscopy. We have developed a florescence endoscopy system that can detect the IR700 fluorescence signal and deliver therapeutic NIR light through the endoscope to treat IR700 fluorescent lesions with NIR‐PIT. In this study, we established an oral cancer model using a murine oral squamous cell cancer‐derived MOC2 cell and performed NIR‐PIT using the fluorescence endoscopy system.