Transference focused psychotherapy: Overview and update

This paper describes a specific psychoanalytic psychotherapy for patients with severe personality disorders, its technical approach and specific research projects establishing empirical evidence supporting its efficacy. This treatment derives from the findings of the Menninger Foundation Psychothera...

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Published in	International journal of psychoanalysis Vol. 89; no. 3; pp. 601 - 620
Main Authors	Kernberg, Otto F., Yeomans, Frank E., Clarkin, John F., Levy, Kenneth N.
Format	Journal Article
Language	English
Published	Oxford, UK Routledge 01.06.2008 Blackwell Publishing Ltd Institute of Psychoanalysis (British) Institute of Psycho-analysis Taylor & Francis Ltd
Subjects	Behavior Behavior Therapy - methods Biological and medical sciences borderline personality disorder Borderline Personality Disorder - psychology Borderline Personality Disorder - therapy comparative analysis of psychotherapeutic treatments Empirical Research Humans Individual psychotherapy interpretation Medical sciences Models, Psychological Object Attachment object relations theory Patients Personality Disorders - psychology Personality Disorders - therapy Professional-Patient Relations Psychoanalysis - methods Psychoanalysis - trends psychoanalytic psychotherapies Psychoanalytic Therapy - methods Psychoanalytic Therapy - trends Psychology Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry Psychopathology. Psychiatry Psychotherapeutic Processes Psychotherapies. Psychological and clinical counseling Psychotherapy - methods Psychotherapy - trends randomized controlled trials splitting mechanisms technical neutrality Theory Transference (Psychology) transference analysis Treatment Outcome Treatments Human Transference countertransference object relations theory Psychoanalytic interpretation Analytical psychotherapy Borderline Indication splitting mechanisms Controlled therapeutic trial Review randomized controlled trials Personality disorder psychoanalytic psychotherapies Treatment interpretation transference analysis borderline personality disorder Cleavage Contraindication Application method comparative analysis of psychotherapeutic treatments Comparative study Objectal relation technical neutrality
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Summary:	This paper describes a specific psychoanalytic psychotherapy for patients with severe personality disorders, its technical approach and specific research projects establishing empirical evidence supporting its efficacy. This treatment derives from the findings of the Menninger Foundation Psychotherapy Research project, and applies a model of contemporary psychoanalytic object relations theory as its theoretical foundation. The paper differentiates this treatment from alternative psychoanalytic approaches, including other types of psychoanalytic psychotherapy as well as standard psychoanalysis, and from three alternative non-analytical treatments prevalent in the treatment of borderline patients, namely, dialectic behavior therapy, supportive psychotherapy based on psychoanalytic theory, and schema focused therapy. It concludes with indications and contraindications to this particular therapeutic approach derived from the clinical experience that evolved in the course of the sequence of research projects leading to the empirical establishment of its efficacy.
Bibliography:	ark:/67375/WNG-DGT6FFSP-8 istex:D797F870615AFA03B15A7B182CC616543B48FB28 ArticleID:IJP046 Clinical Associate Professor of Psychiatry, Weill Medical College of Cornell University Director of Training, Personality Disorders Institute, The New York Presbyterian Hospital, Payne Whitney Westchester, Director, Personality Studies Institute, New York, New York. MH12530 Kenneth N. Levy, PI), International Psychoanalytic Association (Kenneth N. Levy, PI), the Köhler Foundation of Munich, a grant from the Borderline Personality Disorder Research Foundation (BPDRF; Otto F. Kernberg and John F. Clarkin, Co‐PIs), and the DeWitt Wallace Reader’s Digest Fund. We thank the BPDRF founder and executive officer, Marco Stoffel, and the scientific board for their advice and encouragement. We gratefully acknowledge the assistance of our colleagues in the Institute for Personality Disorders at Weill Cornell Medical College. The research presented in this article was supported by grants from the National Institute of Mental Health Clinical Professor of Psychology in Psychiatry, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, Co‐Director, Personality Disorders Institute, The New York Presbyterian Hospital, Payne Whitney Westchester. Professor of Psychiatry, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, Director, Personality Disorders Institute, The New York Presbyterian Hospital, Payne Whitney Westchester, Training and Supervising Analyst, Columbia University Center for Psychoanalytic Training and Research. John F. Clarkin, PI MH53705 Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Pennsylvania State University. ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-3 content type line 23 ObjectType-Review-1
ISSN:	0020-7578 1745-8315
DOI:	10.1111/j.1745-8315.2008.00046.x