基于双作物系数法的干旱区覆膜农田耗水及水量平衡分析

农田覆膜技术应用广泛,覆膜条件下农田蒸散发（ET）规律是制定合理灌溉制度、提高用水效率的基础。根据2014—2015年甘肃省石羊河流域春小麦试验观测资料率定和验证农田水量平衡模型,利用双作物系数法得到作物的耗水规律和耗水结构。结果表明,覆膜春小麦全生育期耗水比不覆膜减少10%~16%,有一定的节水效果。覆膜促进了春小麦全生育期蒸腾,蒸腾占总耗水的比例在70%~74%之间,比不覆膜情况提高了25%~27%。在春小麦生长前期,覆膜能够显著降低ET;中期,覆膜能够降低土壤蒸发、促进作物蒸腾。此外,覆膜还具有促进作物前期生长、延长作物中期生长、延缓冠层衰老的作用。...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in农业工程学报 Vol. 33; no. 1; pp. 138 - 147
Main Author 文冶强 杨健 尚松浩
Format Journal Article
LanguageChinese
Published 清华大学水沙科学与水利水电工程国家重点实验室,北京,100084%中国农业大学中国农业水问题研究中心,北京,100083 2017
Subjects
作物
双作物系数
干旱区
春小麦
模型
水量平衡
蒸散发
覆膜
models
dual crop coefficient
作物
模型
双作物系数
覆膜
spring wheat
water balance
crops
evapotranspiration
plastic mulch
干旱区
水量平衡
春小麦
蒸散发
arid region
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ISSN1002-6819
DOI10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2017.01.019

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Summary:农田覆膜技术应用广泛,覆膜条件下农田蒸散发（ET）规律是制定合理灌溉制度、提高用水效率的基础。根据2014—2015年甘肃省石羊河流域春小麦试验观测资料率定和验证农田水量平衡模型,利用双作物系数法得到作物的耗水规律和耗水结构。结果表明,覆膜春小麦全生育期耗水比不覆膜减少10%~16%,有一定的节水效果。覆膜促进了春小麦全生育期蒸腾,蒸腾占总耗水的比例在70%~74%之间,比不覆膜情况提高了25%~27%。在春小麦生长前期,覆膜能够显著降低ET;中期,覆膜能够降低土壤蒸发、促进作物蒸腾。此外,覆膜还具有促进作物前期生长、延长作物中期生长、延缓冠层衰老的作用。
Bibliography:11-2047/S
Plastic mulch has been widely used in agricultural production, especially in arid and semiarid regions. The study of crop evapotranspiration and crop coefficient in fields with plastic mulch is the base for irrigation scheduling and improving water use efficiency, especially in Northwest China where water shortage happens frequently. Based on field experiment data of spring wheat in 2014-2015 in the Shiyang River Basin Experiment station in Gansu province, water balance components over the spring wheat field was analyzed using the dual crop coefficient approach for crop evapotranspiration and a field water balance model through calibration and verification. The pattern and structure of water consumption under different irrigation treatment with and without mulch was revealed by simulating the variation of soil water content in the whole growing stage of spring wheat. The results showed that evapotranspiration of spring field with mulch was reduced by 10% to 16% for different irrigation treatment comp
ISSN:1002-6819
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2017.01.019