Genetic fingerprint construction and genetic diversity analysis of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) germplasm resources

• Published in: BMC plant biology Vol. 23; no. 1; p. 355
• Main Authors: Luo, Zhongxia, Yao, Zhufang, Yang, Yiling, Wang, Zhangying, Zou, Hongda, Zhang, Xiongjian, Chen, Jingyi, Fang, Boping, Huang, Lifei
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England BioMed Central Ltd 11.07.2023; BioMed Central; BMC
• Subjects: Agricultural research; Biological diversity; China; Conservation; Dioscorea; Domestication; Fingerprints; Food industry; Food security; Genetic analysis; Genetic aspects; Genetic diversity; Genetic fingerprint; Genetic markers; Genetic Variation; Genotypes; Germplasm; Germplasm resources; Identification; Ipomoea batatas; Ipomoea batatas - genetics; Plant Breeding; Polymorphism; Potatoes; Sweet potato; Sweet potatoes; Vegetables; China; Thailand; United States > US; Peru; Philippines; Japan; Genetic markers; Genetic diversity; Sweet potato; Genetic fingerprint; Germplasm resources
• ISSN: 1471-2229; 1471-2229
• DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04329-1

China is the largest producer of sweet potato in the world, accounting for 57.0% of the global output. Germplasm resources are the basis for promoting innovations in the seed industry and ensuring food security. Individual and accurate identification of sweet potato germplasm is an important part of conservation and efficient utilization. In this study, nine pairs of simple sequence repeat molecular markers and 16 morphological markers were used to construct genetic fingerprints for sweet potato individual identification. Combined with basic information, typical phenotypic photographs, genotype peak graphs, and a two-dimensional code for detection and identification were generated. Finally, a genetic fingerprint database containing 1021 sweet potato germplasm resources in the "National Germplasm Guangzhou Sweet Potato Nursery Genebank in China" was constructed. Genetic diversity analysis of the 1021 sweet potato genotypes using the nine pairs of simple sequence repeat markers revealed a narrow genetic variation range of Chinese native sweet potato germplasm resources, and Chinese germplasm was close to that from Japan and the United States, far from that from the Philippines and Thailand, and the furthest from that from Peru. Sweet potato germplasm resources from Peru had the richest genetic diversity, supporting the view that Peru is the center of origin and domestication of sweet potato varieties. Overall, this study provides scientific guidance for the conservation, identification, and utilization of sweet potato germplasm resources and offers a reference to facilitate the discovery of important genes to boost sweet potato breeding.