锥形轮体结构的覆土镇压器设计与试验

为简化机具结构,同时解决传统播种作业过程中覆土及镇压作业稳定性不佳的问题,该文设计了一种兼具覆土和镇压功能的覆土镇压器,该装置由左右2个具有锥形结构的覆土镇压轮组成。通过对覆土镇压作业过程种沟土壤受力情况和运动过程的分析,明确了该装置的覆土和镇压作用机理,及覆土镇压器主要结构参数和作业参数(外径、覆土镇压器宽度、内倾角和载荷)的取值范围,同时确定了影响覆土和镇压性能的3个主要影响因素(外载荷、左右覆土镇压轮间距和内倾角)。通过三因素三水平Box-Benhnken试验,以作业后的覆土厚度和种沟上方距离地表5 cm处土壤紧实度为试验指标,得到了影响土壤紧实度的各因素的主次顺序为:载荷、左右覆土镇压...

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Published in农业工程学报 Vol. 33; no. 12; pp. 56 - 65
Main Author 郭慧 陈志 贾洪雷 郑铁志 王刚 王奇
Format Journal Article
LanguageChinese
Published 吉林大学工程仿生教育部重点实验室,长春 130025 2017
中国机械工业集团有限公司,北京 100080%吉林省农业机械化管理中心,长春,130062
吉林大学生物与农业工程学院,长春130025%吉林大学生物与农业工程学院,长春130025
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Summary:为简化机具结构,同时解决传统播种作业过程中覆土及镇压作业稳定性不佳的问题,该文设计了一种兼具覆土和镇压功能的覆土镇压器,该装置由左右2个具有锥形结构的覆土镇压轮组成。通过对覆土镇压作业过程种沟土壤受力情况和运动过程的分析,明确了该装置的覆土和镇压作用机理,及覆土镇压器主要结构参数和作业参数(外径、覆土镇压器宽度、内倾角和载荷)的取值范围,同时确定了影响覆土和镇压性能的3个主要影响因素(外载荷、左右覆土镇压轮间距和内倾角)。通过三因素三水平Box-Benhnken试验,以作业后的覆土厚度和种沟上方距离地表5 cm处土壤紧实度为试验指标,得到了影响土壤紧实度的各因素的主次顺序为:载荷、左右覆土镇压轮间距、内倾角,影响覆土厚度的各因素的主次顺序为:内倾角、载荷、左右覆土镇压轮间距。通过Design-Expert软件获得了覆土镇压器最佳参数组合为:载荷900 N,左右覆土镇压轮间距为13 mm,内倾角为16°。最佳参数组合的验证试验得出,作业后种沟上方距离地表5 cm处土壤紧实度均值为(43.8±1.9)k Pa,变异系数为4.3%;覆土厚度均值为(32.9±2.3)mm,变异系数为6.9%。满足既定的设计目标,且具有较好的作业稳定性,该研究可为播种机覆土镇压器的设计提供参考。
Bibliography:The soil-covering and press wheel are the main to the growth and the output of the com. The device with parts of the com planter, and their performances are directly related the functions of soil covering and soil compaction can improve the soil moisture content after planting and simplify the structure of machine. The squeeze-type coverer is a typical device with the functions of soil covering and soil compaction. But due to that the contact area is too small to bring the poor stability of soil-covering and soil-compacting during work process, the squeeze-type coverer is often used on no-till planter. A new type of soil-covering and soil-compacting device for corn planter was designed in this paper. The device was composed of 2 soil-covering-pressing wheels with cone-shaped structure, and realized the functions of soil-covering and soil-compacting depending on the extrusion force of soil produced by soil-covering-pressing wheel during planting. The main structure parameters of the soil-covering and soil-comp
ISSN:1002-6819
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2017.12.008