iAMCTD: Improved Adaptive Mobility of Courier Nodes in Threshold-Optimized DBR Protocol for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks

• Published in: International journal of distributed sensor networks Vol. 10; no. 11; p. 213012
• Main Authors: Javaid, N., Jafri, M. R., Khan, Z. A., Qasim, U., Alghamdi, T. A., Ali, M.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London, England SAGE Publications 01.01.2014; Sage Publications Ltd. (UK); Sage Publications Ltd; Hindawi - SAGE Publishing
• Subjects: Communication; Computer network protocols; Computer networks; Density; Energy efficiency; Engineering research; Information technology; Mathematical optimization; Methods; Networks; Noise; Proposals; Protocol; Routing (telecommunications); Sensors; Thresholds; Underwater; Underwater acoustics; Wireless networks; Wireless sensor networks
• ISSN: 1550-1329; 1550-1477; 1550-1477
• DOI: 10.1155/2014/213012

We propose forwarding-function ( F F ) based routing protocol for underwater sensor networks (UWSNs): improved adaptive mobility of courier nodes in threshold-optimized depth-based-routing (iAMCTD). Unlike existing depth-based acoustic protocols, the proposed protocol exploits network density for time-critical applications. In order to tackle flooding, path loss, and propagation latency, we calculate optimal holding time ( H T ) and use routing metrics: localization-free signal-to-noise ratio (LSNR), signal quality index (SQI), energy cost function (ECF), and depth-dependent function (DDF). Our proposal provides on-demand routing by formulating hard threshold ( H th ), soft threshold ( S th ), and prime energy limit ( R prime ). Simulation results verify effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed iAMCTD.