Advancing clinical genomics and precision medicine with GVViZ: FAIR bioinformatics platform for variable gene-disease annotation, visualization, and expression analysis

• Published in: Human genomics Vol. 15; no. 1; p. 37
• Main Authors: Ahmed, Zeeshan, Renart, Eduard Gibert, Zeeshan, Saman, Dong, XinQi
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England BioMed Central 26.06.2021; BMC
• Subjects: Alzheimer's disease; Annotation; Arthritis; Asthma; Bioinformatics; Computational Biology; Computer applications; Congestive heart failure; Databases, Factual; Diabetes mellitus; Disease; Expression; Gene; Gene expression; Gene Expression Profiling; Genetic analysis; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Genomics; Heat map; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; Humans; Information processing; Molecular Sequence Annotation; Neurodegenerative diseases; Next-generation sequencing; Oncology; Osteoporosis; Patients; Phenotypes; Pipelines; Precision Medicine; Primary Research; RNA-Seq; Software; Transcription; Transcriptome - genetics; Transcriptomics; User-Computer Interface; Visualization; Disease; Gene; RNA-seq; Expression; Annotation; Heat map
• ISSN: 1479-7364; 1473-9542; 1479-7364
• DOI: 10.1186/s40246-021-00336-1

Genetic disposition is considered critical for identifying subjects at high risk for disease development. Investigating disease-causing and high and low expressed genes can support finding the root causes of uncertainties in patient care. However, independent and timely high-throughput next-generation sequencing data analysis is still a challenge for non-computational biologists and geneticists. In this manuscript, we present a findable, accessible, interactive, and reusable (FAIR) bioinformatics platform, i.e., GVViZ (visualizing genes with disease-causing variants). GVViZ is a user-friendly, cross-platform, and database application for RNA-seq-driven variable and complex gene-disease data annotation and expression analysis with a dynamic heat map visualization. GVViZ has the potential to find patterns across millions of features and extract actionable information, which can support the early detection of complex disorders and the development of new therapies for personalized patient care. The execution of GVViZ is based on a set of simple instructions that users without a computational background can follow to design and perform customized data analysis. It can assimilate patients' transcriptomics data with the public, proprietary, and our in-house developed gene-disease databases to query, easily explore, and access information on gene annotation and classified disease phenotypes with greater visibility and customization. To test its performance and understand the clinical and scientific impact of GVViZ, we present GVViZ analysis for different chronic diseases and conditions, including Alzheimer's disease, arthritis, asthma, diabetes mellitus, heart failure, hypertension, obesity, osteoporosis, and multiple cancer disorders. The results are visualized using GVViZ and can be exported as image (PNF/TIFF) and text (CSV) files that include gene names, Ensembl (ENSG) IDs, quantified abundances, expressed transcript lengths, and annotated oncology and non-oncology diseases. We emphasize that automated and interactive visualization should be an indispensable component of modern RNA-seq analysis, which is currently not the case. However, experts in clinics and researchers in life sciences can use GVViZ to visualize and interpret the transcriptomics data, making it a powerful tool to study the dynamics of gene expression and regulation. Furthermore, with successful deployment in clinical settings, GVViZ has the potential to enable high-throughput correlations between patient diagnoses based on clinical and transcriptomics data.