Identification of a locus controlling Verticillium disease symptom response in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Published in: The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology Vol. 35; no. 5; pp. 574 - 587
• Main Authors: Veronese, Paola, Narasimhan, Meena L., Stevenson, Rebecca A., Zhu, Jian‐K., Weller, Stephen C., Subbarao, Krishna V., Bressan, Ray A.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford, UK Blackwell Science Ltd 01.09.2003; Blackwell Science
• Subjects: ABA; Abscisic Acid - pharmacology; Arabidopsis; Arabidopsis - genetics; Arabidopsis - growth & development; Arabidopsis - microbiology; Arabidopsis Proteins - genetics; Arabidopsis Proteins - metabolism; Biological and medical sciences; Cyclopentanes - pharmacology; Defensins - genetics; Defensins - metabolism; disease tolerance; ethylene; Ethylenes - pharmacology; Flowers - genetics; Flowers - growth & development; Flowers - microbiology; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Fungal plant pathogens; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; Genes, Dominant - genetics; Immunity, Innate - drug effects; Immunity, Innate - genetics; Oxylipins; Pathology, epidemiology, host-fungus relationships. Damages, economic importance; Phytopathology. Animal pests. Plant and forest protection; Plant Diseases - microbiology; Plant Proteins - genetics; Plant Proteins - metabolism; plant–microbe interaction; Salicylic Acid - pharmacology; Signal Transduction - drug effects; Signal Transduction - genetics; Verticillium; Verticillium - growth & development; ABA; Salicylic acid; Verticillium dahliae; Plant pathogen; Arabidopsis; Ethylene; disease tolerance; Tolerance; Host agent relation; Genetic determinism; Fungi; Arabidopsis thaliana; Cruciferae; Dicotyledones; Angiospermae; Verticillium; plant-microbe interaction; Spermatophyta; Fungi Imperfecti; Thallophyta
• ISSN: 0960-7412; 1365-313X
• DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-313X.2003.01830.x

Summary Verticillium dahliae Klebahn is a soil‐borne fungal pathogen causing vascular diseases. The pathogen penetrates the host through the roots, spreads through the xylem, and systemically colonizes both resistant and susceptible genotypes. To elucidate the genetic and molecular bases of plant–Verticillium interactions, we have developed a pathosystem utilizing Arabidopsis thaliana and an isolate of V. dahliae pathogenic to both cruciferous and non‐cruciferous crops. Relative tolerance (based on symptom severity) but no immunity was found in a survey of Arabidopsis ecotypes. Anthocyanin accumulation, stunting, and chlorosis were common symptoms. Specific responses of the more susceptible ecotype Columbia were induction of early flowering and dying. The more tolerant ecotype C‐24 was characterized by pathogen‐induced delay of transition to flowering and mild chlorosis symptoms. Genetic analysis indicated that a single dominant locus, Verticillium dahliae‐tolerance (VET1), likely functioning also as a negative regulator of the transition to flowering, was able to convey increased tolerance. VET1 was mapped on chromosome IV. The differential symptom responses observed between ecotypes were not correlated with different rates of fungal tissue colonization or with differential transcript accumulation of PR‐1 and PDF1.2 defense genes whose activation was not detected during the Arabidopsis–V. dahliae interaction. Impairment in salicylic acid (SA)‐ or jasmonic acid (JA)‐dependent signaling did not cause hypersensitivity to the fungal infection, whereas ethylene insensitivity led to reduced chlorosis and ABA deficiency to reduced anthocyanin accumulation. The results of this study clearly indicated that the ability of V. dahliae to induce disease symptoms is also connected to the genetic control of development and life span in Arabidopsis.