The Regenerative Effect of Trans-spinal Magnetic Stimulation After Spinal Cord Injury: Mechanisms and Pathways Underlying the Effect

• Published in: Neurotherapeutics Vol. 17; no. 4; pp. 2069 - 2088
• Main Authors: Chalfouh, C., Guillou, C., Hardouin, J., Delarue, Q., Li, X., Duclos, C., Schapman, D., Marie, J.-P., Cosette, P., Guérout, N.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Cham Springer International Publishing 01.10.2020; Springer Nature B.V; Springer Verlag
• Subjects: Age Factors; Animals; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Biomedicine; Cell proliferation; Cells, Cultured; Demyelination; Female; Fibrosis; Inflammation; Juveniles; Life Sciences; Magnetic Field Therapy; Magnetic Field Therapy - methods; Magnetic fields; Male; Medicin och hälsovetenskap; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Nerve Regeneration; Nerve Regeneration - physiology; Neurobiology; Neurology; Neurosciences; Neurosurgery; Original; Original Article; Proteomics; Recovery of function; Spinal Cord Injuries; Spinal Cord Injuries - physiopathology; Spinal Cord Injuries - therapy; Spinal Cord Stimulation; Spinal Cord Stimulation - methods; Stem cell transplantation; Stem cells; Thoracic Vertebrae; Thoracic Vertebrae - injuries; Transgenic animals; spinal cord injury; Rehabilitation; glial scar; magnetic stimulation and neuroregeneration
• ISSN: 1933-7213; 1878-7479; 1878-7479
• DOI: 10.1007/s13311-020-00915-5

Spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to a loss of sensitive and motor functions. Currently, there is no therapeutic intervention offering a complete recovery. Here, we report that repetitive trans-spinal magnetic stimulation (rTSMS) can be a noninvasive SCI treatment that enhances tissue repair and functional recovery. Several techniques including immunohistochemical, behavioral, cells cultures, and proteomics have been performed. Moreover, different lesion paradigms, such as acute and chronic phase following SCI in wild-type and transgenic animals at different ages (juvenile, adult, and aged), have been used. We demonstrate that rTSMS modulates the lesion scar by decreasing fibrosis and inflammation and increases proliferation of spinal cord stem cells. Our results demonstrate also that rTSMS decreases demyelination, which contributes to axonal regrowth, neuronal survival, and locomotor recovery after SCI. This research provides evidence that rTSMS induces therapeutic effects in a preclinical rodent model and suggests possible translation to clinical application in humans.