Progress and potential in organoid research

Tissue and organ biology are very challenging to study in mammals, and progress can be hindered, particularly in humans, by sample accessibility and ethical concerns. However, advances in stem cell culture have made it possible to derive in vitro 3D tissues called organoids, which capture some of th...

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Published inNature reviews. Genetics Vol. 19; no. 11; pp. 671 - 687
Main Authors Rossi, Giuliana, Manfrin, Andrea, Lutolf, Matthias P.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published London Nature Publishing Group UK 01.11.2018
Nature Publishing Group
Subjects
631/136/2060
631/136/532
631/208/135
631/61/2035
631/61/2320
631/61/490
Agriculture
Analysis
Animal Genetics and Genomics
Animals
Bioengineering
Biology
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedical Research
Biomedicine
Cancer Research
Cell culture
Cell Culture Techniques - methods
Cell growth
Drug discovery
Ethics
Fast Ethernet
Gene Function
Human Genetics
Humans
Hydrogels
Mammals
Models, Biological
Organoids
Organoids - cytology
Organoids - metabolism
Regenerative medicine
Review Article
Stem cells
Stem Cells - cytology
Stem Cells - metabolism
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Summary:Tissue and organ biology are very challenging to study in mammals, and progress can be hindered, particularly in humans, by sample accessibility and ethical concerns. However, advances in stem cell culture have made it possible to derive in vitro 3D tissues called organoids, which capture some of the key multicellular, anatomical and even functional hallmarks of real organs at the micrometre to millimetre scale. Recent studies have demonstrated that organoids can be used to model organ development and disease and have a wide range of applications in basic research, drug discovery and regenerative medicine. Researchers are now beginning to take inspiration from other fields, such as bioengineering, to generate organoids that are more physiologically relevant and more amenable to real-life applications. Organoids are 3D structures derived from stem cells that recapitulate some key characteristics of real organs. The authors review recent progress in organoid derivation and applications and outline how advances in other disciplines might lead to more physiologically relevant organoids.
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ISSN:1471-0056
1471-0064
DOI:10.1038/s41576-018-0051-9