Current State of Symptomatic Aortic Valve Stenosis in the Japanese Elderly

• Published in: Circulation Journal Vol. 75; no. 10; pp. 2474 - 2481
• Main Authors: Ohno, Masakazu, Hashimoto, Yuji, Suzuki, Makoto, Matsumura, Akihiko, Isobe, Mitsuaki
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Japan The Japanese Circulation Society 2011
• Subjects: Age Factors; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aging; Aortic stenosis; Aortic Valve; Aortic Valve Stenosis - drug therapy; Aortic Valve Stenosis - mortality; Aortic Valve Stenosis - surgery; Electrocardiography; Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation; Humans; Japan - epidemiology; Japanese; Kaplan-Meier Estimate; Observation; Prognosis; Japan
• ISSN: 1346-9843; 1347-4820
• DOI: 10.1253/circj.CJ-11-0012

Background: There have been few reports regarding treatment selection and prognosis of symptomatic aortic valve stenosis (AS) in the elderly in Japan. Methods and Results: Sixty-one patients hospitalized between January 2000 and December 2007 for symptomatic severe AS were investigated. The average observation period was 27 months. Thirty-seven patients (61%) were diagnosed with AS for the first time on hospitalization. Thirty-six patients had onset of symptoms within 1 month before admission. Thirty-six patients received aortic valve replacement (group S) and 25 received medical therapy (group M). The patients in group M were older than those in group S (84.1±5.3 years vs. 74.2±4.6 years, P<0.001). Maximum flow velocity measured by echocardiography was lower in group M (4.5±0.3m/s vs. 4.9±0.5m/s, P<0 .01), but there was no difference in valve area between the 2 groups (0.62±0.19cm2 vs. 0.57±0.15cm2, P=0.12). One-year mortality rate derived from the Kaplan-Meier curve was higher in group M than group S (53.1% vs. 6.4%, respectively). On multivariate analysis, the only independent favorable prognostic factor was aortic valve replacement (HR: 0.02, 95%CI: 0.01-0.15, P<0.01). Conclusions: Medical therapy is often selected for treatment of symptomatic AS in the elderly, but the prognosis is very poor. Symptomatic severe aortic stenosis should be treated surgically, or with transcatheter aortic valve implantation in cases with high surgical risk. (Circ J 2011; 75: 2474-2481)