Prognostic value of mean velocity at the pulmonary artery estimated by cardiovascular magnetic resonance as a prognostic predictor in a cohort of patients with new-onset heart failure with reduced ejection fraction

• Published in: Journal of cardiovascular magnetic resonance Vol. 22; no. 1; p. 28
• Main Authors: Trejo-Velasco, Blanca, Fabregat-Andrés, Óscar, García-González, Pilar M, Perdomo-Londoño, Diana C, Cubillos-Arango, Andrés M, Ferrando-Beltrán, Mónica I, Belchi-Navarro, Joaquina, Pérez-Boscá, José L, Payá-Serrano, Rafael, Ridocci-Soriano, Francisco
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England BioMed Central Ltd 30.04.2020; BioMed Central; Elsevier
• Subjects: Aged; Blood Flow Velocity; Cardiac MRI; Cardiomyopathy; Cardiovascular disease; Congestive heart failure; Coupling; Disease Progression; Ejection fraction; Female; Hazard assessment; Heart; Heart failure; Heart Failure - diagnostic imaging; Heart Failure - mortality; Heart Failure - physiopathology; HFrEF; Humans; Hypertension; Hypertension, Pulmonary - diagnostic imaging; Hypertension, Pulmonary - mortality; Hypertension, Pulmonary - physiopathology; Ischemia; Magnetic resonance; Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine; Male; Markers; Mathematical analysis; Medical imaging; Medical prognosis; Middle Aged; Mortality; Patients; Predictive Value of Tests; Prognosis; Prognosis, pulmonary hypertension; Prospective Studies; Pulmonary arteries; Pulmonary artery; Pulmonary Artery - diagnostic imaging; Pulmonary Artery - physiopathology; Pulmonary hypertension; Renal failure; Resonance; Response rates; Right ventricle; Risk Factors; Stroke Volume; Time Factors; Velocity; Ventricle; Ventricular Function, Left; Ventricular Function, Right; Ventricular-arterial coupling; Cardiac MRI; Prognosis, pulmonary hypertension; Ventricular-arterial coupling; HFrEF; Right ventricle
• ISSN: 1097-6647; 1532-429X
• DOI: 10.1186/s12968-020-00621-3

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) conveys a worse prognosis in heart failure (HF), in particular when right ventricular (RV) dysfunction ensues. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) non-invasively estimates pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR), which has shown prognostic value in HF. Importantly, RV to pulmonary artery (PA) coupling is altered early in HF, before significant rise in PV resistance occurs. The aim of this study was to assess the prognostic value of mean velocity at the pulmonary artery (mvPA), a novel non-invasive parameter determined by CMR, in HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) with and without associated PH. Prospective inclusion of 238 patients admitted for new-onset HFrEF. MvPA was measured with CMR during index admission. The primary endpoint was defined as a composite of HF readmissions and all-cause mortality. During a median follow-up of 25 months, 91 patients presented with the primary endpoint. Optimal cut-off value of mvPA calculated by the receiver operator curve for the prediction of the primary endpoint was 9 cm/s. The primary endpoint occurred more frequently in patients with mvPA≤9 cm/s, as indicated by Kaplan-Meier survival curves; Log Rank 16.0, p <  0.001. Importantly, mvPA maintained its prognostic value regardless of RV function and also when considering mortality and HF readmissions separately. On Cox proportional hazard analysis, reduced mvPA≤9 cm/s emerged as an independent prognostic marker, together with NYHA III-IV/IV class, stage 3-4 renal failure and ischemic cardiomyopathy. In our HFrEF cohort, mvPA emerged as an independent prognostic indicator independent of RV function, allowing identification of a higher-risk population before structural damage onset. Moreover, mvPA emerged as a surrogate marker of the RV-PA unit coupling status.