Chlorogenic Acid: The Conceivable Chemosensitizer Leading to Cancer Growth Suppression

• Published in: Journal of Evidence-Based Integrative Medicine Vol. 23; p. 2515690X18789628
• Main Authors: Lukitasari, Mifetika, Nugroho, Dwi Adi, Widodo, Nashi
• Format: Book Review Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Los Angeles, CA SAGE Publications 01.01.2018; SAGE PUBLICATIONS, INC; SAGE Publishing
• Subjects: Acids; Apoptosis; Cancer; Coffee; Deoxyribonucleic acid; DNA; Metabolic diseases; Metabolism; Topical Review; Tumors; chlorogenic acid; cancer; Warburg effect
• ISSN: 2515-690X; 2515-690X
• DOI: 10.1177/2515690X18789628

New paradigm in cancer pathogenesis revealed that microenvironmental conditions significantly contribute to cancer. Hence, Warburg stated that cancer is a metabolic disease. Chlorogenic acid (CGA) is a polyphenol that is found abundantly in coffee. This compound has proven ability in ameliorating some metabolic diseases through various pathways. This article will elaborate the potency of CGA as a chemosensitizer in suppressing tumor growth through a metabolic pathway. AMPK pathway is the main cell metabolic pathway that is activated by CGA in some studies. Moreover, CGA inhibited EGFR/PI3K/mTOR, HIF, VEGF pathways and MAPK/ERK pathway that may suppress tumor cell growth. Furthermore, CGA induced intracellular DNA damage and topoisomerase I- and II-DNA complexes formation that plays a key role in apoptosis. Conclusively, based on the ability of CGA in activate and inhibit some important pathways in cancer metabolism, it may act as a chemosensitizing agent leading to cancer growth suppression.