Genome-wide identification, phylogenetic and expression analysis of the heat shock transcription factor family in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

• Published in: BMC genomics Vol. 20; no. 1; p. 505
• Main Authors: Zhou, Min, Zheng, Shigang, Liu, Rong, Lu, Jing, Lu, Lu, Zhang, Chihong, Liu, Zehou, Luo, Congpei, Zhang, Lei, Yant, Levi, Wu, Yu
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England BioMed Central Ltd 18.06.2019; BioMed Central; BMC
• Subjects: Amino acids; Apoptosis; Biochemistry; Bread; Cadmium; Chromosomes; Comparative analysis; Deoxyribonucleic acid; DNA; Expression profiles; Family relations; Functional analysis; Gene Duplication; Gene expression; Gene Expression Profiling; Gene Regulatory Networks - genetics; Gene sequencing; Genes; Genetic aspects; Genetic research; Genome-wide analysis; Genome-wide association studies; Genomes; Genomics; Goat grass; Health; Health aspects; Heat shock; Heat shock factors; Heat shock proteins; Heat Shock Transcription Factors - genetics; Heavy metals; Homology; Hsf; Identification; Identification and classification; Kinases; Metallothionein; Metals (Materials); Molecular modelling; Phylogenetics; Phylogeny; Physiological aspects; Plant Proteins - genetics; Proteins; Regulatory mechanisms (biology); Ribonucleic acid; RNA; RNA sequencing; Stress; Stress, Physiological - genetics; Toxicity; Transcription factors; Triticum - genetics; Triticum - physiology; Wheat; China; Expression profiles; Hsf; Wheat; Genome-wide analysis
• ISSN: 1471-2164; 1471-2164
• DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-5876-x

Environmental toxicity from non-essential heavy metals such as cadmium (Cd), which is released from human activities and other environmental causes, is rapidly increasing. Wheat can accumulate high levels of Cd in edible tissues, which poses a major hazard to human health. It has been reported that heat shock transcription factor A 4a (HsfA4a) of wheat and rice conferred Cd tolerance by upregulating metallothionein gene expression. However, genome-wide identification, classification, and comparative analysis of the Hsf family in wheat is lacking. Further, because of the promising role of Hsf genes in Cd tolerance, there is need for an understanding of the expression of this family and their functions on wheat under Cd stress. Therefore, here we identify the wheat TaHsf family and to begin to understand the molecular mechanisms mediated by the Hsf family under Cd stress. We first identified 78 putative Hsf homologs using the latest available wheat genome information, of which 38 belonged to class A, 16 to class B and 24 to class C subfamily. Then, we determined chromosome localizations, gene structures, conserved protein motifs, and phylogenetic relationships of these TaHsfs. Using RNA sequencing data over the course of development, we surveyed expression profiles of these TaHsfs during development and under different abiotic stresses to characterise the regulatory network of this family. Finally, we selected 13 TaHsf genes for expression level verification under Cd stress using qRT-PCR. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the genome organization, evolutionary features and expression profiles of the wheat Hsf gene family. This work therefore lays the foundation for targeted functional analysis of wheat Hsf genes, and contributes to a better understanding of the roles and regulatory mechanism of wheat Hsfs under Cd stress.