The Gut Microbiota in Multiple Sclerosis: An Overview of Clinical Trials

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, inflammatory, demyelinating, and degenerative disease that affects the central nervous system. A recent study showed that interaction between the immune system and the gut microbiota plays a crucial role in the development of MS. This review reports the clinical...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inCell transplantation Vol. 28; no. 12; pp. 1507 - 1527
Main Authors Schepici, Giovanni, Silvestro, Serena, Bramanti, Placido, Mazzon, Emanuela
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Los Angeles, CA SAGE Publications 01.12.2019
Sage Publications Ltd
SAGE Publishing
Subjects
Central nervous system
Clinical trials
Demyelination
Digestive system
Fecal microflora
Gastrointestinal tract
Gut microbiota
Immune system
Intestinal microflora
Intestine
Microbiota
Multiple sclerosis
Population studies
Reviews
Transplantation
microbiota
diet
multiple sclerosis
fecal microbiota transplantation
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Summary:Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, inflammatory, demyelinating, and degenerative disease that affects the central nervous system. A recent study showed that interaction between the immune system and the gut microbiota plays a crucial role in the development of MS. This review reports the clinical studies carried out in recent years that aimed to evaluate the composition of the microbiota in patients with relapsing–remitting MS (RR-MS). We also report what is available in the literature regarding the effectiveness of fecal microbiota transplantation and the role of the diet in restoring the intestinal bacterial population. Studies report that patients with RR-MS have a microbiota that, compared with healthy controls, has higher amounts of Pedobacteria, Flavobacterium, Pseudomonas, Mycoplana, Acinetobacter, Eggerthella, Dorea, Blautia, Streptococcus and Akkermansia. In contrast, MS patients have a microbiota with impoverished microbial populations of Prevotella, Bacteroides, Parabacteroides, Haemophilus, Sutterella, Adlercreutzia, Coprobacillus, Lactobacillus, Clostridium, Anaerostipes and Faecalibacterium. In conclusion, the restoration of the microbial population in patients with RR-MS appears to reduce inflammatory events and the reactivation of the immune system.
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ISSN:0963-6897
1555-3892
1555-3892
DOI:10.1177/0963689719873890