Vitamin D toxicity in a pediatric toxicological referral center; a cross-sectional study from Iran

• Published in: BMC pediatrics Vol. 20; no. 1; pp. 350 - 5
• Main Authors: Farnaghi, Fariba, Hassanian-Moghaddam, Hossein, Zamani, Nasim, Gholami, Narges, Gachkar, Latif, Hosseini Yazdi, Maryam
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England BioMed Central Ltd 20.07.2020; BioMed Central; BMC
• Subjects: Age; Asymptomatic; Charcoal; Child; Child, Preschool; Children & youth; Constipation; Creatinine; Cross-Sectional Studies; Dietary Supplements; Emergency medical care; Female; Girls; Humans; Hydration; Iran - epidemiology; Laboratories; Medical referrals; Medical research; Nutrition research; Patients; Pediatric emergencies; Pediatrics; Poisoning; Polyuria; Referral and Consultation; Toxicity; Vitamin D; Vitamin D Deficiency - diagnosis; Vitamin D Deficiency - epidemiology; Vitamin deficiency; Iran; Vitamin D; Pediatrics; Toxicity
• ISSN: 1471-2431; 1471-2431
• DOI: 10.1186/s12887-020-02240-4

Vitamin D is an essential element for body health with its supplements generally administered to prevent vitamin D deficiency. Since these supplements are available in domestic settings, vitamin D toxicity may happen in children. All children younger than 12 years who presented to the pediatric emergency department of Loghman Hakim Hospital, Tehran, Iran with history of ingestion of more than 1500 IU/day of vitamin D supplements were enrolled. Patients' demographic data, on-presentation signs and symptoms, laboratory findings, treatments given, and outcome were evaluated. Fifteen patients presented during the study period. Their mean age was 46.53 ± 10.14 months and 12 (80%) were girls. All of them had unintentionally ingested vitamin D. Mean ingested dose was 406700.7 ± 227400.1 IU. In eight patients (53.3%), 25 hydroxy vitamin D level was more than 100 ng/mL. One patient experienced hypercalcemia while all of them were asymptomatic and discharged without complications. There was no significant difference between patients with and without high levels of 25 OH vitamin D regarding lab tests, toxicity course, and outcome. It seems that acute vitamin D toxicity is a benign condition in our pediatric population which may be due to high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in Iran.