油菜精量排种器种子流传感装置设计与试验

针对油菜精量播种过程中缺乏小粒径种子流传感而导致播量监测困难的问题,设计了一种油菜精量排种器种子流传感装置。运用高速摄影技术及碰撞动力学模型,记录并分析油菜种子与聚偏氟乙烯压电薄膜的碰撞轨迹,为传感装置的导管、压电薄膜倾角、出种口位置等关键结构参数提供依据。基于油菜种子与压电薄膜的碰撞信号特征分析,设计了沉槽基板-压电薄膜感应结构,将碰撞信号的衰减时间从9缩短至1 ms,提高了对高频种子流检测的时间分辨率,同时能够有效抵抗机械振动带来的干扰影响。对微弱碰撞信号进行放大、半波整流、电压比较、单稳态触发转化为单脉冲信号,通过单片机定时计数采集处理,实现油菜种子流排种频率与排种总量的实时检测,并利用...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in农业工程学报 Vol. 33; no. 9; pp. 29 - 36
Main Author 丁幼春 杨军强 朱凯 张莉莉 周雅文 廖庆喜
Format Journal Article
LanguageChinese
Published 华中农业大学工学院,武汉,430070 2017
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Summary:针对油菜精量播种过程中缺乏小粒径种子流传感而导致播量监测困难的问题,设计了一种油菜精量排种器种子流传感装置。运用高速摄影技术及碰撞动力学模型,记录并分析油菜种子与聚偏氟乙烯压电薄膜的碰撞轨迹,为传感装置的导管、压电薄膜倾角、出种口位置等关键结构参数提供依据。基于油菜种子与压电薄膜的碰撞信号特征分析,设计了沉槽基板-压电薄膜感应结构,将碰撞信号的衰减时间从9缩短至1 ms,提高了对高频种子流检测的时间分辨率,同时能够有效抵抗机械振动带来的干扰影响。对微弱碰撞信号进行放大、半波整流、电压比较、单稳态触发转化为单脉冲信号,通过单片机定时计数采集处理,实现油菜种子流排种频率与排种总量的实时检测,并利用无线收发模块定时发送给监测显示终端,实现播量数据的实时显示与保存。油菜精量排种器台架及数粒仪高频排种试验表明:在排种频率8.1~32.9 Hz范围内,检测准确率不低于99.5%。田间播种试验表明传感装置能够实时检测精量排种器的排种频率与排种总量,在无排种时计数为零,正常播种状态时检测准确率不低于99.1%,机械振动及粉尘对传感装置没有影响。该传感装置为油菜精量播种过程播量监测、漏播检测以及补种提供有效支撑。
Bibliography:mechanization; design; monitoring; rapeseed precision metering device; rapeseed flow; collision; sensing device
Ding Youchun, Yang Junqiang, Zhu Kai, Zhang Lili, Zhou Yawen, Liao Qingxi (College of Engineering, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China)
11-2047/S
Precision seeding plays an important role in intelligent agricultural machinery development due to its advantages of saving seeds, reducing labor intensity, improving operation efficiency and increasing farmers' income. In the planting process, seed metering device is in a closed status and sowing quantity affects crop yield directly, and thus sowing quantity monitoring become one of the development trends in intelligent precision seeding. In recent years, various methods for precision seeding such as photoelectric sensor detection, high-speed photography, and capacitance sensing have been proposed to improve seeding performance for the corn, rice, soybean and other large seeds. Few studies have focused on the sensing method of small seeds s
ISSN:1002-6819
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2017.09.004