Assessing the potential of exogenous caffeic acid application in boosting wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) crop productivity under salt stress

• Published in: PloS one Vol. 16; no. 11; p. e0259222
• Main Authors: Mehmood, Hassan, Abbasi, Ghulam Hassan, Jamil, Moazzam, Malik, Zaffar, Ali, Muhammad, Iqbal, Rashid
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Public Library of Science 02.11.2021; Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subjects: Abiotic stress; Accumulation; Acids; Agricultural production; Agriculture; Antioxidants; Antioxidants - metabolism; Biology and Life Sciences; Caffeic acid; Caffeic Acids - pharmacology; Cereals; Chlorophyll; Chlorophyll - metabolism; Crop production; Dry matter; Ecology and Environmental Sciences; Environmental aspects; Enzymes; Ergogenic aids; Experiments; Food security; Genotype; Genotypes; Growth; Health aspects; Hydrogen; Hydrogen peroxide; Ions; Irrigation; Malondialdehyde; Malondialdehyde - metabolism; Observations; Oxidative stress; Oxidative Stress - drug effects; Oxygen; Physical Sciences; Physiological aspects; Physiology; Plant growth; Plant water; Potassium; Prevention; Reactive oxygen species; Salinity; Salinity effects; Salinity tolerance; Salt; Salt stress (Botany); Salt Stress - drug effects; Salt tolerance; Salt Tolerance - drug effects; Salt Tolerance - genetics; Sandy loam; Seeds; Soil sciences; Stability index; Triticum - drug effects; Triticum - genetics; Triticum - growth & development; Triticum - metabolism; Water relations; Wheat; California; Pakistan
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259222

Caffeic acid (CA) is known as an antioxidant to scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS), but the underlying mechanism of mediation of plant salt tolerance against various abiotic stresses by caffeic acid is only partially understood. A field experiment (120 days duration) was conducted to investigate the protective role of caffeic acid under a high saline medium (EC 8.7 dS m-1 and textural class: sandy loam) in two wheat genotypes (FSD -08 and Zincol-16). Two levels of caffeic acid (50 μM and 100 μM) were applied exogenously in combination with the salinity stress and results revealed that salt alleviation is more prominent when caffeic acid was applied at the rate of 100 μM. Under saline conditions, wheat genotypes show poor fresh and dry matter accumulation, chlorophyll contents, relative water contents (RWC), membrane stability index (MSI) and activities of antioxidant enzymes and increased uptake of Na+ ions. However, wheat genotype FSD-08 eminently responded to caffeic acid application as compared to wheat genotype Zincol-16 as demonstrated by higher growth indicators, RWC, MSI, activities of antioxidant enzymes, accumulation of mineral ions in grain along with yield attributes. In addition, caffeic acid also mitigated salt-induced oxidative stress malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) contents as well as significantly reduced Na+ uptake. It can be concluded that caffeic acid-induced salinity tolerance in wheat is attributed to improved plant water relations, K+ uptake, yield contents and activities of antioxidant stress enzymes.