Implication of progranulin and C1q/TNF-related protein-3 (CTRP3) on inflammation and atherosclerosis in subjects with or without metabolic syndrome

• Published in: PloS one Vol. 8; no. 2; p. e55744
• Main Authors: Yoo, Hye Jin, Hwang, Soon Young, Hong, Ho Cheol, Choi, Hae Yoon, Yang, Sae Jeong, Choi, Dong Seop, Baik, Sei Hyun, Blüher, Matthias, Youn, Byung-Soo, Choi, Kyung Mook
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Public Library of Science 07.02.2013; Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subjects: Adiponectin; Adult; Analysis; Arteriosclerosis; Atherosclerosis; Atherosclerosis - blood; Atherosclerosis - complications; Bioindicators; Biomarkers - blood; Blood pressure; C-reactive protein; Cardiovascular diseases; Case-Control Studies; Cholesterol; Diabetes; Endocrinology; Epidermal growth factor receptors; Female; Glomerular filtration rate; Glucose; Glucose metabolism; Growth factors; Health risks; Humans; Inflammation; Inflammation - blood; Inflammation - complications; Insulin; Insulin resistance; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins - blood; Interleukin; Interleukin 6; Interleukins; Internal medicine; Male; Markers; Medicine; Metabolic disorders; Metabolic syndrome; Metabolic Syndrome - blood; Metabolic Syndrome - complications; Metabolism; Middle Aged; Multiple regression analysis; Obesity; Physiological aspects; Proteins; Regression analysis; Research design; Risk analysis; Risk Factors; Rodents; Triglycerides; Tumor necrosis factor; Tumor necrosis factor-TNF; Tumor Necrosis Factors - blood; Tumorigenesis; Type 2 diabetes
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0055744

Progranulin and C1q/TNF-related protein-3 (CTRP3) were recently discovered as novel adipokines which may link obesity with altered regulation of glucose metabolism, chronic inflammation and insulin resistance. We examined circulating progranulin and CTRP3 concentrations in 127 subjects with (n = 44) or without metabolic syndrome (n = 83). Furthermore, we evaluated the relationship of progranulin and CTRP3 levels with inflammatory markers and cardiometabolic risk factors, including high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and adiponectin serum concentrations, as well as carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT). Circulating progranulin levels are significantly related with inflammatory markers, hsCRP (r = 0.30, P = 0.001) and IL-6 (r = 0.30, P = 0.001), whereas CTRP3 concentrations exhibit a significant association with cardiometabolic risk factors, including waist circumference (r = -0.21), diastolic blood pressure (r = -0.21), fasting glucose (r = -0.20), triglyceride (r = -0.34), total cholesterol (r = -0.25), eGFR (r = 0.39) and adiponectin (r = 0.26) levels. Serum progranulin concentrations were higher in patients with metabolic syndrome than those of the control group (199.55 [179.33, 215.53] vs. 185.10 [160.30, 204.90], P = 0.051) and the number of metabolic syndrome components had a significant positive correlation with progranulin levels (r = 0.227, P = 0.010). In multiple regression analysis, IL-6 and triglyceride levels were significant predictors of serum progranulin levels (R(2) = 0.251). Furthermore, serum progranulin level was an independent predictor for increased CIMT in subjects without metabolic syndrome after adjusting for other cardiovascular risk factors (R(2) = 0.365). Serum progranulin levels are significantly associated with systemic inflammatory markers and were an independent predictor for atherosclerosis in subjects without metabolic syndrome. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01668888.