仿形滑刀式开沟器设计与试验

为了改善种床质量、提高播种分布直线性及播深一致性,通过＂V＂形种沟成因分析,设计了一种适用于大豆垄上双行种植模式的仿形滑刀式开沟器。该开沟器具有滑刀和仿形压土轮机构,可实现开沟、压沟和仿形功能,进而构建底部紧实、覆盖土壤松软的优良种床。通过土槽试验,以回土量为指标,采用响应面优化法分析得出最优参数组合,即载荷大小为689.66 N,开沟角度为40.43°,前进速度为2.12 m/s,开沟深度为51.62 mm。在最优工况下进行田间验对比试验,仿形滑刀式开沟器、双V型筑沟器、圆盘开沟器的横向偏移离散度分别为4.42、4.34、6.55,播深变异系数分别为6.06%、6.80%、11.52%,在5...

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Published in农业工程学报 Vol. 33; no. 4; pp. 16 - 24
Main Author 贾洪雷 郑嘉鑫 袁洪方 郭明卓 王文君 姜鑫铭
Format Journal Article
LanguageChinese
Published 吉林大学生物与农业工程学院,长春,130025%吉林大学工程仿生教育部重点实验室,长春,130025 2017
Subjects
仿形
优化
开沟器
播深变异系数
机械化
离散度
设计
播深变异系数
openers
仿形
离散度
机械化
设计
profiling
optimization
优化
design
mean absolute deviation
开沟器
mechanization
consistency of seeding depth
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ISSN1002-6819
DOI10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2017.04.003

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Summary:为了改善种床质量、提高播种分布直线性及播深一致性,通过＂V＂形种沟成因分析,设计了一种适用于大豆垄上双行种植模式的仿形滑刀式开沟器。该开沟器具有滑刀和仿形压土轮机构,可实现开沟、压沟和仿形功能,进而构建底部紧实、覆盖土壤松软的优良种床。通过土槽试验,以回土量为指标,采用响应面优化法分析得出最优参数组合,即载荷大小为689.66 N,开沟角度为40.43°,前进速度为2.12 m/s,开沟深度为51.62 mm。在最优工况下进行田间验对比试验,仿形滑刀式开沟器、双V型筑沟器、圆盘开沟器的横向偏移离散度分别为4.42、4.34、6.55,播深变异系数分别为6.06%、6.80%、11.52%,在50-75 mm土层开沟镇压后土壤紧实度分别为0.261、0.248、0.165 MPa,仿形滑刀式开沟器作业效果优于双V型筑沟器和圆盘开沟器,可以提高种床质量和播深一致性,且使种床紧实,利于种子出苗。
Bibliography:11-2047/S
To improve the seedbed quality and enhance the even distribution of soybean seeds and the consistency of deep seeding in the field, and targeting the double-row high-yield planting techniques on soybean ridges, we manufactured the profiling sliding-knife openers that could dig out V-shaped seed furrows and function as single profiling based on a self-invented double-V shape opener. This new opener can build favorable seedbeds, thereby reducing variation coefficient of qualified grain space and variation coefficient of deep seeding and improving seeding quality. The profiling sliding-knife opener mainly functions to dig out V-shaped seed furrows, improve opener passing rate by holding blades, and guarantee the consistency of furrowing depths and the even distribution of seeds. The profiling sliding-knife opener is composed of connecting bar, soil-compressing profiling wheels, profiling device, squeezing knife, and sliding knife. Interaction mechanism between squeezing knife assembly and soil as well a
ISSN:1002-6819
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2017.04.003