Delphinidin, One of the Major Anthocyanidins, Prevents Bone Loss through the Inhibition of Excessive Osteoclastogenesis in Osteoporosis Model Mice

• Published in: PloS one Vol. 9; no. 5; p. e97177
• Main Authors: Moriwaki, Sawako, Suzuki, Keiko, Muramatsu, Masashi, Nomura, Atsushi, Inoue, Fumihide, Into, Takeshi, Yoshiko, Yuji, Niida, Shumpei
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Public Library of Science 13.05.2014; Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subjects: Administration, Oral; Animal models; Animals; Anthocyanins; Anthocyanins - administration & dosage; Anthocyanins - analysis; Anthocyanins - pharmacology; Anthocyanins - therapeutic use; Berries; Bioavailability; Biocompatibility; Biology and Life Sciences; Biomedical materials; Blueberries; Blueberry Plants - chemistry; Bone density; Bone loss; Bone resorption; Bone Resorption - prevention & control; c-Fos protein; Cancer; Cell cycle; Cell Line; Dentistry; Differentiation; Female; Flavonoids; Fos protein; Fruits; Gene expression; Genomics; Geriatrics; Gerontology; Health promotion; Laboratories; Medicine and Health Sciences; Metabolism; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; NF-kappa B - metabolism; NF-κB protein; NFATC Transcription Factors - metabolism; Older people; Oral administration; Osteoclastogenesis; Osteoclasts; Osteoclasts - drug effects; Osteoporosis; Osteoporosis - prevention & control; Ovariectomy; Physical Sciences; Polyphenols; Post-menopause; Proteomics; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos - metabolism; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; Research and Analysis Methods; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; Rodents; TRANCE protein; Transcription factors; Vegetables; X-Ray Microtomography; United States > US; Japan
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097177

Anthocyanins, one of the flavonoid subtypes, are a large family of water-soluble phytopigments and have a wide range of health-promoting benefits. Recently, an anthocyanin-rich compound from blueberries was reported to possess protective property against bone loss in ovariectomized (OVX) animal models. However, the active ingredients in the anthocyanin compound have not been identified. Here we show that delphinidin, one of the major anthocyanidins in berries, is a potent active ingredient in anti-osteoporotic bone resorption through the suppression of osteoclast formation. In vitro examinations revealed that delphinidin treatment markedly inhibited the differentiation of RAW264.7 cells into osteoclasts compared with other anthocyanidins, cyanidin and peonidin. Oral administration of delphinidin significantly prevented bone loss in both RANKL-induced osteoporosis model mice and OVX model mice. We further provide evidence that delphinidin suppressed the activity of NF-κB, c-fos, and Nfatc1, master transcriptional factors for osteoclastogenesis. These results strongly suggest that delphinidin is the most potent inhibitor of osteoclast differentiation and will be an effective agent for preventing bone loss in postmenopausal osteoporosis.