Prevalence of HPV 16 and HPV 18 lineages in Galicia, Spain

• Published in: PloS one Vol. 9; no. 8; p. e104678
• Main Authors: Pérez, Sonia, Cid, Ana, Iñarrea, Amparo, Pato, Mónica, Lamas, María José, Couso, Bárbara, Gil, Margarita, Alvarez, María Jesús, Rey, Sonia, López-Miragaya, Isabel, Melón, Santiago, Oña, María de
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Public Library of Science 11.08.2014; Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subjects: Adult; Asian Americans; Bioinformatics; Cancer; Case-Control Studies; Cellular biology; Cervical cancer; Cervix; E6 gene; Female; Gene sequencing; Genetic diversity; Genetic variance; Genetic Variation; Genomes; Genotyping Techniques; Gynecology; Health risks; HIV; Human immunodeficiency virus; Human papillomavirus; Human papillomavirus 16 - genetics; Human papillomavirus 18 - genetics; Humans; Invasiveness; Lesions; Medical screening; Medicine and Health Sciences; Obstetrics; Patients; Phylogenetics; Phylogeny; Population; Risk; Spain; Squamous cell carcinoma; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms - virology; Virology; Womens health; Spain; Galicia Spain; United States > US
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0104678

Genetic variants of human papillomavirus types 16 and 18 (HPV16/18) could differ in their cancer risk. We studied the prevalence and association with high-grade cervical lesions of different HPV16/18 variant lineages in a case-control study including 217 cases (cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or grade 3 or worse: CIN2 or CIN3+) and 116 controls (no CIN2 or CIN3+ in two-year follow-up). HPV lineages were determined by sequencing the long control region (LCR) and the E6 gene. Phylogenetic analysis of HPV16 confirmed that isolates clustered into previously described lineages: A (260, 87.5%), B (4, 1.3%), C (8, 2.7%), and D (25, 8.4%). Lineage D/lineage A strains were, respectively, detected in 4/82 control patients, 19/126 CIN3+ cases (OR = 3.1, 95%CI: 1.0-12.9, p = 0.04), 6/1 glandular high-grade lesions (OR = 123, 95%CI: 9.7-5713.6, p<0.0001), and 4/5 invasive lesions (OR = 16.4, 95%CI: 2.2-113.7, p = 0.002). HPV18 clustered in lineages A (32, 88.9%) and B (4, 11.1%). Lineage B/lineage A strains were respectively detected in 1/23 control patients and 2/5 CIN3+ cases (OR = 9.2, 95%CI: 0.4-565.4, p = 0.12). In conclusion, lineages A of HPV16/18 were predominant in Spain. Lineage D of HPV16 was associated with increased risk for CIN3+, glandular high-grade lesions, and invasive lesions compared with lineage A. Lineage B of HPV18 may be associated with increased risk for CIN3+ compared with lineage A, but the association was not significant. Large well-designed studies are needed before the application of HPV lineage detection in clinical settings.