MGMT promoter methylation and 1p/19q co-deletion of surgically resected pulmonary carcinoid and large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma

• Published in: World journal of surgical oncology Vol. 16; no. 1; p. 110
• Main Authors: Lei, Lei, Jiang, Zhiming, Zhang, Gu, Cheng, Qiaoyuan, Lu, Hongyang
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England BioMed Central Ltd 18.06.2018; BioMed Central; BMC
• Subjects: 1p/19q co-deletion; Adult; Age; Aged; Analysis; Biomarkers; Brain cancer; Cancer patients; Cancer therapies; Carcinoid Tumor - genetics; Carcinoid Tumor - surgery; Carcinoma, Large Cell - genetics; Carcinoma, Large Cell - surgery; Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine - genetics; Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine - surgery; Chemotherapy; China; Chromosome Deletion; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1 - genetics; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 19 - genetics; Clonal deletion; Deoxyribonucleic acid; Diagnosis; Disease-Free Survival; DNA; DNA methylation; DNA Methylation - genetics; DNA methyltransferase; DNA Modification Methylases - genetics; DNA Repair Enzymes - genetics; Fatalities; Female; Fluorescence; Fluorescence in situ hybridization; Gene deletion; Health aspects; Hospitals; Humans; Large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma; Lung cancer; Lung Neoplasms - genetics; Lung Neoplasms - surgery; Male; Medical prognosis; Metastases; Metastasis; Methylation; Methylguanine; MGMT methylation; Middle Aged; Mutation; Neuroendocrine tumors; O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase; Oligodendroglioma; Patients; Prognosis; Promoter Regions, Genetic - genetics; Pulmonary carcinoid; Radiation therapy; Retrospective Studies; Small cell lung carcinoma; Surgery; Temozolomide; Tumor Suppressor Proteins - genetics; Tumors; Vertebrae; China; United States > US; Pulmonary carcinoid; MGMT methylation; Large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma; 1p/19q co-deletion
• ISSN: 1477-7819; 1477-7819
• DOI: 10.1186/s12957-018-1413-7

The response to temozolomide (TMZ) treatment in small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) correlated with O(6)-methylguanine -DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter methylation. 1p/19q co-deletion within oligodendroglioma is a responsive predictor for TMZ. Currently, the status of MGMT promoter methylation and 1p/19q co-deletion in pulmonary carcinoid (PC) and large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) is not reported. Nine PC [two atypical carcinoids (AC), seven typical carcinoids (TC)] and six LCNEC patients were collected retrospectively. The pyrosequencing and fluorescence in situ hybridization were used to detect the MGMT promoter methylation and 1p/19q co-deletion in surgically resected specimens. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to assess the rate of disease-free survival (DFS). MGMT promoter methylation was found in two (2/6, 15.3%) LCNEC patients but not in any PC patients. Three (3/6, 50%) 1p and two (2/6, 33.3%) 19q single deletions were found in LCNEC patients. One 1p single deletion was found in AC patients. One (1/7, 14.3%) 1p and two (2/7, 28.6%) 19q single deletions were found in TC patients. After a median follow-up of 38 months, three LCNEC patients developed distant metastasis and one patient died of LCNEC disease. The DFS of PC patients was much longer than LCNEC patients (χ  = 7.565, P = 0.006). MGMT promoter methylation and 1p/19q co-deletion might not be the ideal biomarkers for TMZ treatment in TC/AC patients. Thus, the detection of MGMT promoter methylation and whether it can be used as a medication for TMZ in LCNEC patients necessitates investigation. Furthermore, 1p deletion could be a negative prognostic factor for LCNEC patients.