Combined effects of soft drinks and nicotine on Streptococcus mutans metabolic activity and biofilm formation

The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of nicotine on the activity of Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) in soft drinks. Regular soft drinks contain large proportions of high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS), which increases the activity of S. mutans resulting in high-caries risk compared with...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published inJournal of Oral Science Vol. 63; no. 1; pp. 75 - 78
Main Authors Mokeem, Lamia S., Willis, Lisa H., Windsor, L. Jack, Cook, N. Blaine, Eckert, George, Gregory, Richard L.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Japan Nihon University School of Dentistry 01.01.2021
Subjects
Biofilms
carbonated beverages
Carbonated Beverages - adverse effects
Dental Caries
fructose
Humans
metabolic activity
Nicotine
Streptococcus mutans
carbonated beverages
fructose
nicotine
biofilms
Streptococcus mutans
metabolic activity
Online AccessGet full text

Cover

More Information
Summary:The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of nicotine on the activity of Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) in soft drinks. Regular soft drinks contain large proportions of high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS), which increases the activity of S. mutans resulting in high-caries risk compared with sugar-free soft drinks. Nicotine use exhibits a strong correlation with increased S. mutans biofilm formation. The soft drinks chosen were (Coca-Cola Classic, Diet Coke, Coca-Cola Zero Sugar, Caffeine-Free Coca-Cola, Caffeine-Free Diet Coke, Caffeine-Free Coca-Cola Zero Sugar). S. mutans was grown overnight in tryptic soy broth; nicotine was diluted in tryptic soy broth supplemented with 1.0% sucrose followed by soft drinks in dilution of 1:3. Total growth absorbance and biofilm growth were determined by spectrophotometry, absorbance measured to determine biofilm formation, and metabolic activity quantified. One-way ANOVA showed a considerable effect for HFCS and caffeine in the presence of nicotine and their interaction in all measures. Results showed sugar-free caffeinated colas demonstrated significant effect in inhibiting S. mutans biofilm formation and metabolic activity with nicotine. Nicotine-induced S. mutans increased biofilm formation and metabolic activity in the presence of HFCS and caffeine in soft drinks. In conclusion, smokers should consider sugar-free caffeinated versions to minimize the chance of developing dental caries dut to the reduction of biofilm formation.
ISSN:1343-4934
1880-4926
DOI:10.2334/josnusd.20-0073