生物质气化站玉米芯飞灰的特性及其综合利用

作为玉米生产加工过程的农业废弃物,玉米芯的产量巨大,生物质气化工业利用玉米芯原料制备生物质燃气的过程中将产生大量的玉米芯灰。为了全面认识这些废弃玉米芯灰的灰特性及可能的应用,通过激光粒度分析、X射线荧光（X-ray fluorescence,XRF）、X射线衍射（X-ray diffraction,XRD）、热重和差热分析（thermal gravimetric and differential thermal analysis,TG-DTA）、扫描电镜（scanning electron microscopy,SEM）、能谱分析（energy dispersive X-ray,EDX）等方法...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in农业工程学报 Vol. 31; no. 20; pp. 218 - 224
Main Author 姚锡文 许开立
Format Journal Article
LanguageChinese
Published 东北大学资源与土木工程学院,沈阳,110819 2015
Subjects
气化
灰特性
玉米芯灰
生物质
碱金属
结渣
biomass
corn cob ash
slag-bonding
玉米芯灰
gasification
alkali metal
生物质
碱金属
ash properties
灰特性
气化
结渣
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ISSN1002-6819
DOI10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2015.20.031

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Summary:作为玉米生产加工过程的农业废弃物,玉米芯的产量巨大,生物质气化工业利用玉米芯原料制备生物质燃气的过程中将产生大量的玉米芯灰。为了全面认识这些废弃玉米芯灰的灰特性及可能的应用,通过激光粒度分析、X射线荧光（X-ray fluorescence,XRF）、X射线衍射（X-ray diffraction,XRD）、热重和差热分析（thermal gravimetric and differential thermal analysis,TG-DTA）、扫描电镜（scanning electron microscopy,SEM）、能谱分析（energy dispersive X-ray,EDX）等方法对其进行深入研究。结果表明：玉米芯灰的粒度较小且分布不均,平均粒径为12.96μm;灰的元素组成中K和Si所占的比重最大;富含K、Ca、S和Cl等元素使玉米芯灰可用作土壤改良剂,而且灰中大量的Si O2和Al2O3使其可以用来制备抗压强度较高的水泥混凝土;灰中存在多种含钾元素的KHCO3、KAl Si O4、KAl Si2O6、KCl和K2SO4等结晶相矿物成分;灰粒的形状极不规则,树枝状的团聚灰渣具有丰富的空隙,易逐级吸附小颗粒,灰粒表面存在大量弱粘结的絮状物,断面多为孔状结构;熔融灰粒表面存在富钾现象,且多以KCl形式存在;飞灰的热解具有分段机制,加热到1 200℃时,其总失重和最大失重速率均随着氧气浓度的升高而增加;氮气中620℃的吸热峰是由KCl熔融吸热所致,而有氧气氛中在630℃处的放热峰则是未燃尽的残碳继续燃烧或有机物分解放热所致。
Bibliography:11-2047/S
biomass; gasification; alkali metal; corn cob ash; ash properties; slag-bonding
Globally, biomass resources regarded as a green renewable energy has the potential of being more important in the future, which attract worldwide attention regarding their renewable nature, carbon dioxide-neutral characteristics, and world-wide availability. Consequently, many countries are putting great emphasis on the exploration of bio-energy, and the techniques used are various such as combustion, gasification, pyrolysis, hydrogen production, and so on. As a by-product generated from the processing of corn, the production of corncob（CC） is rather abundant, and reaches up to 3.87 million tons per year in China. The biomass gasification industries make use of CC residues as raw materials for producing biomass fuel gas. However, the gasification generates tons of corncob ash（CCA） everyday, which is requiring daily disposal properly. Herein this study is focused on the preliminary properties of waste CCA to analyze how it
ISSN:1002-6819
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2015.20.031