静电纺丝法制备交联多孔纳米碳纤维膜及其电化学电容性能

以聚丙烯腈（PAN）和三聚氰胺为原料,通过静电纺丝法制备了三聚氰胺改性聚丙烯腈纳米纤维前驱体,经预氧化、碳化后得到交联的多孔纳米碳纤维.采用红外光谱（FTIR）仪、热重分析（TGA）仪、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、X射线衍射（XRD）仪、拉曼光谱仪和比表面积分析仪等对前驱体及纤维进行了表征.结果表明,经过三聚氰胺改性的聚丙烯腈纳米纤维前驱体在碳化后有效地交联,形成含有微孔、介孔和大孔多级的合理孔道结构,氮掺杂量高达14.3%,纤维直径大幅缩减,平均直径仅约89 nm.电化学测试结果表明,交联多孔纳米碳纤维电极在0.05 A g–1电流密度下未经活化时的质量比电容值高达194 F g–1（0.05...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in物理化学学报 Vol. 31; no. 11; pp. 2099 - 2108
Main Author 卢建建 应宗荣 刘信东 赵双生
Format Journal Article
LanguageChinese
Published 南京理工大学化工学院,南京,210094 2015
Subjects
三聚氰胺
交联网络
纳米碳纤维
超级电容器
静电纺丝
纳米碳纤维
Carbon nanofiber
三聚氰胺
Melamine
超级电容器
Electrospinning
Supercapacitor
交联网络
静电纺丝
Cross-linked network
Online AccessGet full text
ISSN1000-6818
DOI10.3866/PKU.WHXB201510081

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Summary:以聚丙烯腈（PAN）和三聚氰胺为原料,通过静电纺丝法制备了三聚氰胺改性聚丙烯腈纳米纤维前驱体,经预氧化、碳化后得到交联的多孔纳米碳纤维.采用红外光谱（FTIR）仪、热重分析（TGA）仪、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、X射线衍射（XRD）仪、拉曼光谱仪和比表面积分析仪等对前驱体及纤维进行了表征.结果表明,经过三聚氰胺改性的聚丙烯腈纳米纤维前驱体在碳化后有效地交联,形成含有微孔、介孔和大孔多级的合理孔道结构,氮掺杂量高达14.3%,纤维直径大幅缩减,平均直径仅约89 nm.电化学测试结果表明,交联多孔纳米碳纤维电极在0.05 A g–1电流密度下未经活化时的质量比电容值高达194 F g–1（0.05 A g–1）,在2 A g–1的电流密度下经过1000次循环充放电后的比电容仍然保持99.2%,表现出优异的电化学特性.
Bibliography:Melamine; Electrospinning; Carbon nanofiber; Cross-linked network; Supercapacitor
11-1892/O6
Cross-linked porous carbon nanofiber networks were successfully prepared by electrospinning followed by preoxidation and carbonization using low-cost melamine and polyacrylonitrile（PAN） as precursors.The structures and morphologies of the nanofiber networks were investigated using Fourier-transform infrared（FTIR） spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis（TGA）, scanning electron microscopy（SEM）, X-ray diffraction（XRD）, Raman spectroscopy, and N2 adsorption/desorption. The carbon fibers had an interconnected nanofibrous morphology with a well-developed porous structure including micropores, mesopores and macropores, high-level nitrogen doping（up to 14.3%）, and a small average diameter（about 89 nm）. Without activation, the carbon nanofibers had a high specific capacitance of 194 F g–1 at a current density of 0.05 A g–1. Cycling experiments showed that the specific capacitance retained approximately 99.2% of the initial capa
ISSN:1000-6818
DOI:10.3866/PKU.WHXB201510081