Neuromodulation of Neuronal Circuits: Back to the Future

All nervous systems are subject to neuromodulation. Neuromodulators can be delivered as local hormones, as cotransmitters in projection neurons, and through the general circulation. Because neuromodulators can transform the intrinsic firing properties of circuit neurons and alter effective synaptic...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inNeuron (Cambridge, Mass.) Vol. 76; no. 1; pp. 1 - 11
Main Author Marder, Eve
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States Elsevier Inc 04.10.2012
Elsevier Limited
Subjects
Animals
Behavior
Humans
Neural Pathways - physiology
Neurons
Neuropeptides
Neurotransmitter Agents - physiology
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Summary:All nervous systems are subject to neuromodulation. Neuromodulators can be delivered as local hormones, as cotransmitters in projection neurons, and through the general circulation. Because neuromodulators can transform the intrinsic firing properties of circuit neurons and alter effective synaptic strength, neuromodulatory substances reconfigure neuronal circuits, often massively altering their output. Thus, the anatomical connectome provides a minimal structure and the neuromodulatory environment constructs and specifies the functional circuits that give rise to behavior.
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ISSN:0896-6273
1097-4199
1097-4199
DOI:10.1016/j.neuron.2012.09.010