Functional genomics in virology and antiviral drug discovery

• Published in: Trends in biotechnology (Regular ed.) Vol. 21; no. 10; pp. 452 - 457
• Main Authors: DeFilippis, Victor, Raggo, Camilo, Moses, Ashlee, Früh, Klaus
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford Elsevier Ltd 01.10.2003; Elsevier Science; Elsevier Limited
• Subjects: Antiviral Agents - therapeutic use; Arrays; Biological and medical sciences; Biotechnology; Deoxyribonucleic acid; DNA; Drug Design; Drug resistance; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Gene expression; Gene Expression Regulation, Viral; Genetic engineering; Genetic technics; Genetic Therapy - methods; Genetics; Genome, Viral; Genomes; Genomics; Genomics - methods; Genomics - trends; Insects; Methods. Procedures. Technologies; Modification of gene expression level; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis - methods; Pathogenesis; Proteins; Studies; Viral diseases; Viral infections; Viral Proteins - genetics; Virology; Virology - methods; Virology - trends; Virus Diseases - genetics; Virus Diseases - therapy; Viruses; Viruses - genetics; Viruses - metabolism; Viruses - pathogenicity; Drug; Signal transduction; Transcription; Genomics; Proteomics; Antiviral; Review; Host virus relation; Virology
• ISSN: 0167-7799; 1879-3096
• DOI: 10.1016/S0167-7799(03)00207-5

Virology research and antiviral drug discovery are poised to benefit from the post-genomic revolution for three main reasons. First, viruses need the host to replicate and are therefore vulnerable to inhibition of cellular pathways. Knowledge of complete genomic sequences of both virus and host now permits the study of this interplay on a global scale. Combining transcriptomics and proteomics with large-scale gene knockdown experiments will enable the identification of novel antiviral targets. Second, massive parallel assay systems, such as DNA microarrays, which define the post-genomic era, will facilitate viral diagnostics. Third, the combination of genetics with genomics will enable the analysis of viral mutants and strains on an unprecedented scale. The dramatic effects of viral infection on host cell transcriptional patterns have been well-documented and will be briefly highlighted. In addition, we discuss recent trends that apply functional genomics methods to the discovery of new targets and therapies for viral disease.