Resting-state glutamate level in the anterior cingulate predicts blood-oxygen level-dependent response to cognitive control
The dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) is a core structure for the governing of cognitive control, and recent studies have shown that interindividual differences in dACC anatomy are associated with corresponding differences in the ability for cognitive control. However, individuals differ not o...
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Published in | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS Vol. 109; no. 13; pp. 5069 - 5073 |
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Main Authors | , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
United States
National Academy of Sciences
27.03.2012
National Acad Sciences |
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | The dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) is a core structure for the governing of cognitive control, and recent studies have shown that interindividual differences in dACC anatomy are associated with corresponding differences in the ability for cognitive control. However, individuals differ not only in anatomical features of dACC, but also exhibit substantial variability regarding the biochemical characteristics of the dACC. In this study, we combined magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), finding that interindividual differences of glutamate levels in the dACC during resting-state predict the strength of the blood-oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) response to a task requiring cognitive control. This relationship was observed in the retrosplenial cortex, the orbitofrontal cortex, the inferior parietal lobe, and the basal ganglia. More specifically, individuals with low resting-state glutamate levels in the dACC showed an increased BOLD response when the task demands were high, whereas high-glutamate individuals showed the opposite pattern of an increased BOLD response when the task demands were low. Thus, we show here that individual variability of glutamate levels is directly related to how the brain implements cognitive control. |
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Bibliography: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1115628109 ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-1 content type line 23 ObjectType-Article-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 Author contributions: R.W. and K.H. designed research; L.E.F. performed research; L.E.F., R.W., and K.S. analyzed data; and L.E.F., R.W., K.S., and K.H. wrote the paper. Edited by Marcus E. Raichle, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, and approved February 21, 2012 (received for review September 22, 2011) |
ISSN: | 0027-8424 1091-6490 |
DOI: | 10.1073/pnas.1115628109 |