Improving accuracy of portion-size estimations through a stimulus equivalence paradigm

• Published in: Journal of applied behavior analysis Vol. 47; no. 3; pp. 485 - 499
• Main Authors: Hausman, Nicole L., Borrero, John C., Fisher, Alyssa, Kahng, SungWoo
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.09.2014; Wiley Periodicals, Inc
• Subjects: Adult; Body Weight; Body Weight - physiology; Computation; Eating Habits; Feeding Behavior - psychology; Female; Food; Health Education; Health Promotion; health psychology; Humans; Intervention; Male; Nutrition Instruction; Obesity; Overweight - prevention & control; Portion Size; portion-size estimation; Stimuli; stimulus equivalence; Undergraduate Students; Young Adult; young adults; portion-size estimation; health psychology; young adults; obesity; stimulus equivalence
• ISSN: 0021-8855; 1938-3703
• DOI: 10.1002/jaba.139

The prevalence of obesity continues to increase in the United States (Gordon‐Larsen, The, & Adair, 2010). Obesity can be attributed, in part, to overconsumption of energy‐dense foods. Given that overeating plays a role in the development of obesity, interventions that teach individuals to identify and consume appropriate portion sizes are warranted. Specifically, interventions that teach individuals to estimate portion sizes correctly without the use of aids may be critical to the success of nutrition education programs. The current study evaluated the use of a stimulus equivalence paradigm to teach 9 undergraduate students to estimate portion size accurately. Results suggested that the stimulus equivalence paradigm was effective in teaching participants to make accurate portion size estimations without aids, and improved accuracy was observed in maintenance sessions that were conducted 1 week after training. Furthermore, 5 of 7 participants estimated the target portion size of novel foods during extension sessions. These data extend existing research on teaching accurate portion‐size estimations and may be applicable to populations who seek treatment (e.g., overweight or obese children and adults) to teach healthier eating habits.