COVID-19 and the labour market: What are the working conditions in critical jobs?

• Published in: Journal for labour market research Vol. 56; no. 1; pp. 1 - 17
• Main Author: Dütsch, Matthias
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Heidelberg Springer 2022; Springer Berlin Heidelberg; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Coronaviruses; COVID-19; COVID-19 pandemic; Critical jobs; Economic Policy; Economics; Economics and Finance; Employment; Essential workers; Human Resource Management; Labor Economics; Original; Original Article; Physical proximity; Physical working conditions; Population Economics; Regional/Spatial Science; Sociology; Wages; Working conditions; Working hours; Working time patterns; C31; COVID-19 pandemic; J81; Physical proximity; Working time patterns; Physical working conditions; J42; Critical jobs; Working conditions; Wages
• ISSN: 2510-5027; 2510-5019; 2510-5027
• DOI: 10.1186/s12651-022-00315-6

The COVID-19 pandemic has focused public attention on occupational groups that ensure the maintenance of critical infrastructure, provision of medical care and supply of essential goods. This paper examines the working conditions in critical jobs based on representative data from the German BAuA Working Time Survey 2019. Our analyses reveal that essential workers are more likely to perform unskilled or semiskilled activities and work in cleaning, transport and logistics, health care occupations as well as IT and natural science services. Regarding the working conditions, essential workers are paid comparatively less and are more physically proximate to others at work than nonessential workers. They more often work atypical hours, such as day and night shifts and on weekends, and have less autonomy in their working time. Additionally, critical jobs are characterised by muscular and skeletal strain due to working positions and carrying heavy loads significantly more often. Thus, our findings strongly suggest that work-related risks accumulate in critical jobs.