Structural and evolutionary aspects of thioredoxin reductases in photosynthetic organisms

Thioredoxins (Trxs) are small oxidoreductases that are involved in redox homeostasis and are found in large numbers in the subcellular compartments of eukaryotic plant cells, including the chloroplasts. Also present in chloroplasts are two forms of thioredoxin reductase (TR), which use either NADPH...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inTrends in plant science Vol. 14; no. 6; pp. 336 - 343
Main Authors Jacquot, Jean-Pierre, Eklund, Hans, Rouhier, Nicolas, Schürmann, Peter
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Kidlington Elsevier Ltd 01.06.2009
[Kidlington, Oxford, UK]: Elsevier Science Ltd
Elsevier
Subjects
Biological and medical sciences
Biological Evolution
Botanik
Botany
evolution
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
genome
Genome, Plant
isozymes
Life Sciences
literature reviews
Models, Molecular
oxidoreductases
Photosynthesis
Subcellular Fractions - enzymology
substrate specificity
thioredoxin
thioredoxin reductase
Thioredoxin-Disulfide Reductase - chemistry
Thioredoxin-Disulfide Reductase - genetics
Thioredoxin-Disulfide Reductase - metabolism
Thioredoxins - metabolism
Vegetal Biology
Oxidoreductases
Plant sciences
Photosynthesis
Thioredoxin
Enzyme
Reductase
ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA
PROTEIN
FERREDOXIN
CHLAMYDOMONAS-REINHARDTII
GLUTATHIONE
CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE
ESCHERICHIA-COLI
FERREDOXIN/THIOREDOXIN SYSTEM
CATALYTIC MECHANISM
GLUTAREDOXIN
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Summary:Thioredoxins (Trxs) are small oxidoreductases that are involved in redox homeostasis and are found in large numbers in the subcellular compartments of eukaryotic plant cells, including the chloroplasts. Also present in chloroplasts are two forms of thioredoxin reductase (TR), which use either NADPH or ferredoxin as an electron donor. In other compartments, two additional TR forms also use NADPH: one is distributed in all photosynthetic organisms and is similar to prokaryotic enzymes, whereas the other is restricted to algae and is similar to mammalian selenoproteins. Here, we review current knowledge of the different forms of TRs across organisms and discuss the possible evolutionary fate of this class of enzymes, which provide an example of convergent functional evolution.
Bibliography:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2009.03.005
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ISSN:1360-1385
1878-4372
1878-4372
DOI:10.1016/j.tplants.2009.03.005