Dietary inflammatory index and endometrial cancer risk in an Italian case–control study

• Published in: British journal of nutrition Vol. 115; no. 1; pp. 138 - 146
• Main Authors: Shivappa, Nitin, Hébert, James R., Zucchetto, Antonella, Montella, Maurizio, Serraino, Diego, La Vecchia, Carlo, Rossi, Marta
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Cambridge, UK Cambridge University Press 14.01.2016
• Subjects: Aged; carcinoma; Case studies; Case-Control Studies; Diet; Diet - adverse effects; Dietary Surveys and Nutritional Epidemiology; Endometrial cancer; Endometrial Neoplasms - etiology; Endometrial Neoplasms - prevention & control; endometrium; Endometrium - pathology; Energy Intake; Feeding Behavior; Female; food intake; Health risks; hospitals; Humans; inflammation; Inflammation - complications; Italy; Logistic Models; Middle Aged; nutrition risk assessment; Odds Ratio; patients; regression analysis; Risk Factors; Surveys and Questionnaires; uterine neoplasms; women; Case–control studies; Italy; Inflammation; Diet; Endometrial cancer; Dietary inflammatory index; DII dietary inflammatory index; CRP C-reactive protein; OC oral contraceptive; HRT hormone replacement therapy
• ISSN: 0007-1145; 1475-2662; 1475-2662
• DOI: 10.1017/S0007114515004171

The relation between inflammation deriving from diet and endometrial cancer risk has not yet been investigated. In this study, we explored the association between the dietary inflammatory index (DII) and endometrial cancer risk in an Italian case–control study. Cases comprised 454 patients with incident, histologically confirmed carcinoma of the endometrium, and controls comprised 908 subjects admitted to the same network of hospitals as cases for a wide spectrum of acute, non-neoplastic conditions. DII scores were computed on the basis of dietary intake assessed using a reproducible and valid seventy-eight-item FFQ. OR were calculated through logistic regression models conditioned on age and study centre and adjusted for recognised confounding factors, including total energy intake. Women with the most pro-inflammatory diet had a higher risk for endometrial cancer compared with women with the most anti-inflammatory diet (ORQuartile 4 v. 1 1·46; 95 % CI 1·02, 2·11; P trend=0·04). A pro-inflammatory diet may increase the risk for endometrial cancer.