Taxonomic sufficiency and indicator taxa reduce sampling costs and increase monitoring effectiveness for ants
AIM: Despite the accelerating loss of biodiversity and the increased number of methods for conservation planning, the availability of information about the spatial distribution of biodiversity remains limited. One way to overcome this problem is to focus on surrogate resolutions that are able to rep...
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Published in | Diversity & distributions Vol. 22; no. 1; pp. 111 - 122 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Oxford
Blackwell Science
01.01.2016
Blackwell Publishing Ltd John Wiley & Sons Ltd John Wiley & Sons, Inc |
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | AIM: Despite the accelerating loss of biodiversity and the increased number of methods for conservation planning, the availability of information about the spatial distribution of biodiversity remains limited. One way to overcome this problem is to focus on surrogate resolutions that are able to represent species‐level data and can be efficiently measured. Surrogates are only useful if the ecological patterns detected at the species‐level still hold when based on coarser taxonomic identification, and if these responses are consistent across regions. We present a comprehensive analysis using data from a large‐scale evaluation of ground‐dwelling ants, to evaluate the use of surrogates. LOCATION: Amazon basin. METHODS: The sampling design covered 13 sites in eight phytophysiognomies, which in conjunction with other environmental characteristics (altitude, soil granulometry and slope) were used to validate the ecological patterns (ability of the surrogates to reproduce the ecological responses identified for species) of coarser surrogate taxa (indicator taxa, mixed‐level approach, genus and subfamily). The surrogates were evaluated for their capacity to predict variation in total species richness and composition. We also estimated the monetary and time costs, in order to evaluate the cost‐effectiveness of using different surrogate levels. RESULTS: Genus was the most cost‐effective surrogate: it predicted 81% of site variation in species richness, was highly correlated (r² = 0.76) with species composition, very highly correlated (r² = 0.97) with ecological patterns detected at species level and saved ~40% of total project costs. The mixed‐level approach, indicator taxa and subfamily were not effective in representing the species‐level data. MAIN CONCLUSIONS: Genus can be used as a surrogate for species, due to its high predictive value, independent of environmental heterogeneity. Genus may be useful as a surrogate for species in other megadiverse regions, especially where savings in project costs can be applied to increase sampling effort. |
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Bibliography: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ddi.12371 PRONEX - No. 16/2006 Long Term Ecological Research (PELD) - No. 403764/2012-2 PIPT/FAPEAM - No. 1750/08 ArticleID:DDI12371 ark:/67375/WNG-C02VZH7F-Z FAPEAM - No. 062.01325/2014 PNPD/CAPES - No. 03017/19-05 Program for Biodiversity Research (PPBio) - No. 558318/2009-6; No. 457545/2012-7 istex:76CADC63053E02FC0581DB864EF4E7085EB96B84 Center for Integrated Studies of the Amazonian Biodiversity (CENBAM) Figure S1 Site locations on Amazon basin.Table S1 Ground-dwelling ant species sampled at 13 sites across the Brazilian Amazon.Table S2 Richness values of species and surrogate resolution in 13 sampling sites.Table S3 Proportion of variance in the ant-assemblage composition jointly explained by the environmental variables in Redundancy Analysis (RDA) for models within each site sampled in the Brazilian Amazon.Table S4 Proportion of variance explained by each environmental variable in Redundancy Analysis (RDA) models within each site in the Brazilian Amazon.Table S5 Absolute and relative values of time and monetary cost for species and surrogate levels at each site. ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 |
ISSN: | 1366-9516 1472-4642 |
DOI: | 10.1111/ddi.12371 |