EGFR-PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas: attractive targets for molecular-oriented therapy

• Published in: Expert opinion on therapeutic targets Vol. 15; no. 1; p. 63
• Main Authors: Freudlsperger, Christian, Burnett, Jeffrey R, Friedman, Jay A, Kannabiran, Vishnu R, Chen, Zhong, Van Waes, Carter
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England 01.01.2011
• Subjects: Animals; Antineoplastic Agents - pharmacology; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - drug therapy; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - genetics; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - physiopathology; Drug Delivery Systems; ErbB Receptors - genetics; ErbB Receptors - metabolism; Head and Neck Neoplasms - drug therapy; Head and Neck Neoplasms - genetics; Head and Neck Neoplasms - physiopathology; Humans; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases - genetics; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases - metabolism; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt - genetics; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt - metabolism; Signal Transduction - drug effects; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases - genetics; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases - metabolism
• ISSN: 1744-7631
• DOI: 10.1517/14728222.2011.541440

Recent advances in the understanding of the oncogenesis of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) have revealed multiple dysregulated signaling pathways. One frequently altered axis is the EGFR-PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathway. This pathway plays a central role in numerous cellular processes including metabolism, cell growth, apoptosis, survival and differentiation, which ultimately contributes to HNSCC progression. Books, journals, databases and websites have been searched to provide a current review on the subject. This article reviews the current understanding of EGFR-PI3K-Akt-mTOR signaling in HNSCC, including the impact of both genetic and epigenetic alterations. This review further highlights the potential of targeting this signaling cascade as a promising therapeutic approach in the treatment of HNSCC. Genetic alterations of several nodes within this pathway, including both genetic and epigenetic changes, leading to either oncogene activation or inactivation of tumor suppressors have frequently been implicated in HNSCC. Consequently, drugs that target the central nodes of this pathway have become attractive for molecular oriented cancer therapies. Numerous preclinical and clinical studies are being performed in HNSCC; however, more studies are still needed to better understand the biology of this pathway.