Composition and biological activities of slaughterhouse blood from red deer, sheep, pig and cattle

• Published in: Journal of the science of food and agriculture Vol. 96; no. 1; pp. 79 - 89
• Main Authors: Bah, Clara SF, Bekhit, Alaa El‐Din A, Carne, Alan, McConnell, Michelle A
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Chichester, UK John Wiley & Sons, Ltd 15.01.2016; John Wiley and Sons, Limited
• Subjects: 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl; Abattoirs; ACE inhibitors; ACE inhibitory; Animals; Animals, Wild; Anti-Infective Agents - pharmacology; anti-infective properties; Antiinfectives and antibacterials; antimicrobial; antioxidant; antioxidant activity; Antioxidants; Antioxidants - pharmacology; Bacteria; Bacteria - drug effects; bioactivity; Biological activity; Blood; blood constituents; blood meal; blood proteins; Blood Proteins - pharmacology; blood serum; Cattle; Cervus elaphus; Deer; Erythrocytes; Erythrocytes - chemistry; Escherichia coli; Humans; iron; Leukocytes; Livestock; livestock and meat industry; neutrophils; peptidyl-dipeptidase A; Plasma - chemistry; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; reactive oxygen species; Sheep; slaughterhouse animal blood; Slaughterhouses; Staphylococcus aureus; Swine; antimicrobial; antioxidant; slaughterhouse animal blood; bioactivity; ACE inhibitory; blood constituents
• ISSN: 0022-5142; 1097-0010
• DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.7062

BACKGROUND: Animal blood is a large‐volume by‐product of the meat industry. Besides blood meal fertiliser, blood is marketed for human consumption as a supplement. Minimal comparative work on slaughterhouse animal blood fractions has been carried out. In this study, slaughterhouse deer, sheep, pig and cattle blood parameters were compared. Some blood constituents were determined. Fractionated blood was assessed for antioxidant activity (2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging, oxygen radical scavenging capacity and ferric reducing antioxidant power). Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity and antimicrobial activity were also assessed. RESULTS: Serum iron ranged from 35.3 ± 0.6 µmol L⁻¹ in cattle to 16.3 ± 3.1 µmol L⁻¹ in deer. Cattle had the highest total plasma proteins (81.7 ± 1.5 g L⁻¹). While the plasma fractions contained considerable antioxidant activity, the red blood cell fractions of all four animal species contained higher antioxidant activity (P < 0.05). Negligible levels of ACE inhibitory activity were found for all animal blood fractions. Antimicrobial activity was detected towards Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa with sheep white blood cells from which a crude neutrophil extract was obtained which demonstrated concentration‐dependent inhibitory effects on the growth rates of these bacterial strains. CONCLUSION: Fractionated animal blood obtained from local slaughterhouses contains native proteins that possess antioxidant activity and antimicrobial activity. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry