Mycoplasma infection mimicking a malignancy in a waldenstrom macroglobulinemia patient

• Published in: BMC infectious diseases Vol. 23; no. 1; p. 219
• Main Authors: Wu, Junqing, He, Donghua, Yu, Fang, Huang, Yue, Bian, Meiru, Yu, Chengxuan, Liu, Jiao, Cai, Zhen, Zhao, Yi
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England BioMed Central Ltd 07.04.2023; BioMed Central; BMC
• Subjects: 18F-FDG-PET/CT; Analysis; Bacteria; Biopsy; Bladder; Bladder cancer; Bone marrow; Cancer; Care and treatment; Case Report; Computed tomography; Control; Cytomegalovirus; Diagnosis; Diagnosis, Differential; Fever; Fluorine isotopes; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Glucose metabolism; Health aspects; Hematology; Humans; Identification and classification; Immunodeficiency; Infection; Infections; Infectious diseases; Lymphoma; Macroglobulinemia; Malignancy; Medical research; Medicine, Experimental; Metagenomics; Mimicry; Mycoplasma; Mycoplasma hominis; Neoplasms; Pathogens; Patients; PET imaging; Positron emission; Positron emission tomography; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography - methods; Radiopharmaceuticals; Sodium; Tumors; Ultrasonic imaging; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms; Urinary tract; Urine; Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia; Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia - diagnosis; China; Mycoplasma hominis; 18F-FDG-PET/CT; Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia; Bladder cancer
• ISSN: 1471-2334; 1471-2334
• DOI: 10.1186/s12879-023-08163-6

Mycoplasma hominis infection is common in urinary tract. F-FDG-PET/CT is a valuable tool for tumor and infection diagnosis. Few studies have shown the F-FDG-PET/CT images after mycoplasma infection. Here we described a case of Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia with thickened bladder wall. The F-FDG-PET/CT showed the SUVmax up to 36.1 mimicking bladder cancer. The results of histopathological examination and metagenomic sequencing of the blood and urinary revealed the Mycoplasma hominis infection. The full consideration should be given to the possibility of infection besides tumor in lesions with high SUV value in F-FDG-PET/CT, especially in immunodeficiency patients.