Recent advances in micro/nanotechnologies for global control of hepatitis B infection

• Published in: Biotechnology advances Vol. 33; no. 1; pp. 178 - 190
• Main Authors: Yildiz, U. Hakan, Inci, Fatih, Wang, ShuQi, Toy, Mehlika, Tekin, H. Cumhur, Javaid, Asad, Lau, Daryl T.-Y., Demirci, Utkan
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Elsevier Inc 01.01.2015
• Subjects: Biocompatible Materials - chemistry; Developing countries; Developing Countries - economics; Devices; Diagnosis; Diagnostic systems; Graphene; Hepatitis B; Hepatitis B - diagnosis; Hepatitis B - economics; Hepatitis B - therapy; Hepatitis B virus; Hepatitis B virus - growth & development; Hepatitis B virus - isolation & purification; Humans; Infrastructure; Lab-On-A-Chip Devices; Microfluidic; Microfluidics; Microtechnology - methods; Nanobiotechnology; Nanomaterials; Nanostructure; Nanotechnology; Nanotechnology - economics; Nanotechnology - methods; Plasmonics; Point-of-care; Prevalence; Public Health - economics; Screening; Viruses; Screening; Graphene; Microfluidic; Diagnosis; Plasmonics; Point-of-care; Nanotechnology; Hepatitis B; Nanobiotechnology
• ISSN: 0734-9750; 1873-1899
• DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2014.11.003

The control of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a challenging task, specifically in developing countries there is limited access to diagnostics and antiviral treatment mainly due to high costs and insufficient healthcare infrastructure. Although the current diagnostic technologies can reliably detect HBV, they are relatively laborious, impractical and require expensive resources that are not suitable for resource-limited settings. Advances in micro/nanotechnology are pioneering the development of new generation methodologies in diagnosis and screening of HBV. Owing to combination of nanomaterials (metal/inorganic nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, etc.) with microfabrication technologies, utilization of miniaturized sensors detecting HBV and other viruses from ultra-low volume of blood, serum and plasma is realized. The state-of-the-art microfluidic devices with integrated nanotechnologies potentially allow for inexpensive HBV screening at low cost. This review aims to highlight recent advances in nanotechnology and microfabrication processes that are employed for developing point-of-care (POC) HBV assays. •natural history, epidemiology and treatment of Hepatits B.•monitoring of therapy, cancer relationship, co-infections and public health aspects of screening of HBV.•advances in nanotechnological tools for diagnosis of HBV and HBV co-infections.•impact of nanotechnology and nanomaterials on developing novel HBV detection platforms and testing methodologies.•recent advances and future perspectives in nanotechnology and microfabrication processes for affordable HBV detection platforms.