The glial scar in spinal cord injury and repair

Glial scarring following severe tissue damage and inflammation after spinal cord injury （SCI） is due to an extreme, uncontrolled form of reactive astrogliosis that typically occurs around the injury site. The scarring process includes the misalignment of activated astrocytes and the deposition of in...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published inNeuroscience bulletin Vol. 29; no. 4; pp. 421 - 435
Main Authors Yuan, Yi-Min, He, Cheng
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01.08.2013
Subjects
Anatomy
Anesthesiology
Animals
Astrocytes - pathology
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Cicatrix - pathology
Human Physiology
Humans
Nerve Regeneration - physiology
Neuroglia - pathology
Neurology
Neurosciences
Pain Medicine
Review
Spinal Cord Injuries - pathology
Spinal Cord Injuries - physiopathology
分子机制
损伤修复
损伤部位
星形胶质细胞
瘢痕
硫酸软骨素
组织损伤
脊髓损伤
spinal cord injury
axonal regeneration
reactive astrogliosis
glial scar
neuroinflammation
astrocyte activation
Online AccessGet full text

Cover

More Information
Summary:Glial scarring following severe tissue damage and inflammation after spinal cord injury （SCI） is due to an extreme, uncontrolled form of reactive astrogliosis that typically occurs around the injury site. The scarring process includes the misalignment of activated astrocytes and the deposition of inhibitory chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans. Here, we first discuss recent developments in the molecular and cellular features of glial scar formation, with special focus on the potential cellular origin of scar-forming cells and the molecular mechanisms underlying glial scar formation after SCI. Second, we discuss the role of glial scar formation in the regulation of axonal regeneration and the cascades of neuro-inflammation. Last, we summarize the physical and pharmacological approaches targeting the modulation of glial scarring to better understand the role of glial scar formation in the repair of SCI.
Bibliography:Glial scarring following severe tissue damage and inflammation after spinal cord injury （SCI） is due to an extreme, uncontrolled form of reactive astrogliosis that typically occurs around the injury site. The scarring process includes the misalignment of activated astrocytes and the deposition of inhibitory chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans. Here, we first discuss recent developments in the molecular and cellular features of glial scar formation, with special focus on the potential cellular origin of scar-forming cells and the molecular mechanisms underlying glial scar formation after SCI. Second, we discuss the role of glial scar formation in the regulation of axonal regeneration and the cascades of neuro-inflammation. Last, we summarize the physical and pharmacological approaches targeting the modulation of glial scarring to better understand the role of glial scar formation in the repair of SCI.
31-1975/R
glial scar; spinal cord injury; axonal regeneration; astrocyte activation; reactive astrogliosis; neuro-inflammation
ObjectType-Article-2
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-3
content type line 23
ObjectType-Review-1
ISSN:1673-7067
1995-8218
DOI:10.1007/s12264-013-1358-3