简易高效油棕杂交方法研究

为研发一种适用的油棕杂交授粉方法，根据油棕花序的特点，设计了两种花序杂交套袋（无纺布为材料，规格100--120g，袋子顶端封口，底端开口，中间缝一拉链，拉链底部距袋子开口底端约25～30cm）。花序开放5~7d前进行套袋，在雄花序开放时收集花粉过74μm筛；半开拉链，挤压花粉喷射器，从各方向均匀喷洒雌花序，然后拉上拉链。果穗分析结果表明，该法可实现高效控制授粉和获得较高结实率，其中套袋杂交授粉一次平均结实率达67．8％，授粉两次平均结实率达76．2％，均显著高于开放授粉下果穗结实率。...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in广东农业科学 Vol. 39; no. 13; pp. 33 - 34
Main Author 姚行成 曾宪海 林位夫
Format Journal Article
LanguageChinese
Published 中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所,海南儋州,571737 2012
Subjects
控制授粉
杂交方法
油料作物
油棕
油棕
杂交方法
控制授粉
油料作物
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ISSN1004-874X
DOI10.3969/j.issn.1004-874X.2012.13.011

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Summary:为研发一种适用的油棕杂交授粉方法，根据油棕花序的特点，设计了两种花序杂交套袋（无纺布为材料，规格100--120g，袋子顶端封口，底端开口，中间缝一拉链，拉链底部距袋子开口底端约25～30cm）。花序开放5~7d前进行套袋，在雄花序开放时收集花粉过74μm筛；半开拉链，挤压花粉喷射器，从各方向均匀喷洒雌花序，然后拉上拉链。果穗分析结果表明，该法可实现高效控制授粉和获得较高结实率，其中套袋杂交授粉一次平均结实率达67．8％，授粉两次平均结实率达76．2％，均显著高于开放授粉下果穗结实率。
Bibliography:44-1267/S
YAO Xing-cheng, ZENG Xian-hai, LIN Wei-fu （Rubber Research Institute ,Chinese Academy of Tropical and Agricultural Sciences ,Danzhou 571737, China）
oil palm; oil crop; hybridizing method; controlled pollination
A method for oil palm hybridization was made based on the characteristic of oil palm inflorescence. The hybridizing bags were made of 100-120 g nonwoven fabric, with the top sealed and the bottom open. A zip was embedded in the middle of the bag, around 25~30 cm from the bottom. Hybridizing bags shielded the inflorescences 5-7 d before flowers opened. Pollens collected from bag-covered male inflorescences were sifted with a 74 μm sifter, and then pollinated to the covered female inflorescences with a pollinator. The bunch analysis results showed that the method could realize effectively controlled pollination and high fruit sets. The averaged fruit set can reach 67.8% after once pollination, and 76.2% after twice pollination, which are significantly higher than that of open pollinated.
ISSN:1004-874X
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1004-874X.2012.13.011