N‐Terminal Pro‐C‐Natriuretic Peptide and Cytokine Kinetics in Dogs with Endotoxemia

• Published in: Journal of veterinary internal medicine Vol. 28; no. 5; pp. 1447 - 1453
• Main Authors: Floras, A.N.K, Holowaychuk, M.K, Bienzle, D, Bersenas, A.M.E, Sharif, S, Harvey, T, Nordone, S.K, Wood, G.A
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States J.B. Lippincott 01.09.2014; Blackwell Publishing Ltd; John Wiley & Sons, Inc; John Wiley and Sons Inc
• Subjects: adults; Animals; Beagle; Biomarker; blood serum; Chemokine CCL2 - blood; chemokine CXCL10; Chemokine CXCL10 - blood; Chemokines - blood; Cross-Over Studies; Cytokines; Cytokines - blood; Dog Diseases - blood; Dog Diseases - metabolism; Dogs; Dogs - blood; ELISA; endotoxemia; Endotoxemia - blood; Endotoxemia - metabolism; Endotoxemia - veterinary; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Escherichia coli; Female; granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor; Hemorrhage; Immunology; Inflammation; interferon-gamma; interleukin-10; Interleukin-10 - blood; interleukin-15; interleukin-18; interleukin-2; interleukin-6; Interleukin-6 - blood; interleukin-7; interleukin-8; Interleukin-8 - blood; lipopolysaccharides; Medical prognosis; medicine; Mortality; Multiplex; Natriuretic Peptide, C-Type - blood; Pancreatitis; Peptides; Plasma; Proteins; Sepsis; Sepsis - blood; Sepsis - metabolism; Sepsis - veterinary; sodium chloride; TNF inhibitors; Trauma; tumor necrosis factor-alpha; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - blood; Tumor necrosis factor-TNF; Sepsis; Biomarker; Inflammation; Immunology; Multiplex; ELISA
• ISSN: 0891-6640; 1939-1676
• DOI: 10.1111/jvim.12409

BACKGROUND: Serum N‐terminal pro‐C‐natriuretic peptide (NT‐proCNP) concentration at hospital admission has sufficient sensitivity and specificity to differentiate naturally occurring sepsis from nonseptic systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). However, little is known about serum NT‐proCNP concentrations in dogs during the course of sepsis. OBJECTIVE: To determine serum NT‐proCNP and cytokine kinetics in dogs with endotoxemia, a model of canine sepsis. SAMPLES: Eighty canine serum samples. METHODS: Eight healthy adult Beagles were randomized to receive Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 5 μg/kg) or placebo (0.9% NaCl) as a single IV dose in a randomized crossover study. Serum collected at 0, 1, 2, 4, and 24 hours was stored at −80°C for batch analysis. Serum NT‐proCNP was measured by ELISA and 13 cytokines and chemokines by multiplex magnetic bead‐based assay. RESULTS: Serum NT‐proCNP concentrations did not differ significantly between LPS‐ and placebo‐treated dogs at any time. When comparing serum cytokine concentrations, LPS‐treated dogs had higher interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), IL‐10, TNF‐α and KC‐like at 1, 2, and 4 hours; higher CCL2 at 1, 2, 4, and 24 hours; and higher IL‐8 and CXCL10 at 4 hours compared to placebo‐treated dogs. There were no differences in serum GM‐CSF, IFN‐γ, IL‐2, IL‐7, IL‐15 or IL‐18 between LPS‐ and placebo‐treated dogs. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Serum NT‐proCNP concentration does not change significantly in response to LPS administration in healthy dogs. Certain serum cytokine and chemokine concentrations are significantly increased within 1–4 hours after LPS administration and warrant further investigation as tools for the detection and management of sepsis in dogs.