Effects of Different Diets on Microbiota in The Small Intestine Mucus and Weight Regulation in Rats

• Published in: Scientific reports Vol. 9; no. 1; p. 8500
• Main Authors: Meng, Yu, Li, Xiaojun, Zhang, Jie, Wang, Chunlian, Lu, Fanggen
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 11.06.2019; Nature Publishing Group
• Subjects: 692/699/1503/2745; 692/699/1702/393; Animals; Bacteroidetes; Biodiversity; Body Weight; Body weight gain; Cell Count; Community composition; Diet; Diet, High-Fat; Fecal microflora; Feces; Feces - microbiology; Female; Firmicutes; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Goblet Cells - pathology; High fat diet; High protein diet; Humanities and Social Sciences; Intestine, Small - microbiology; Microbiota; Mucus; Mucus - microbiology; multidisciplinary; Phylogeny; Principal Component Analysis; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Relative abundance; rRNA 16S; Science; Science (multidisciplinary); Small intestine; Sugar; Weight Gain
• ISSN: 2045-2322; 2045-2322
• DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44994-7

While the microbial community of the small intestine mucus (SIM) may also play a role in human health maintenance and disease genesis, it has not been extensively profiled and whether it changes with diet is still unclear. To investigate the flora composition of SIM and the effects of diet on it, we fed SD rats for 12 weeks with standard diet (STD), high-fat diet (HFD), high-sugar diet (HSD) and high-protein diet (HPD), respectively. After 12 weeks, the rats were sacrificed, SIM and stool samples were collected, and high-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used to analyze the microbiota. We found that fecal microbiota (FM) was dominated by Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes , while in SIM, Firmicutes and Proteobacteria were the two most abundant phyla and the level of Bacteroidetes dramatically decreased. The microbiota diversity of SIM was less than that of feces. The community composition of SIM varied greatly with different diets, while the composition of FM altered little with different diets. The relative abundance of Bacteroidetes and Allobaculum in SIM were negatively correlated with weight gain. There was no significant correlation between FM and weight gain. In conclusion, the community profile of SIM is different from that of feces and susceptible to diet.