Evidence for the activation of sensorimotor information during visual word recognition: The body–object interaction effect

• Published in: Cognition Vol. 106; no. 1; pp. 433 - 443
• Main Authors: Siakaluk, Paul D., Pexman, Penny M., Aguilera, Laura, Owen, William J., Sears, Christopher R.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Amsterdam Elsevier B.V 2008; Elsevier; Elsevier Science
• Subjects: Association Learning; Attention; Biological and medical sciences; Cognition; Decision making; Embodied cognition; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Human Body; Humans; Imagination; Interaction; Language; Lexical processing; Lexicology; Mental Recall; Pattern Recognition, Visual; Perceptual Motor Learning; Phonology; Production and perception of written language; Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry; Psychology. Psychophysiology; Psychomotor Performance; Reading; Semantics; Systems Approach; Verbal Learning; Visual word recognition; Word Recognition; Words; Lexical processing; Embodied cognition; Visual word recognition; Human; Word; Lexicon; Activation; Cognition; Verbal perception; Reading; Language; Vision; Information processing; Recognition
• ISSN: 0010-0277; 1873-7838
• DOI: 10.1016/j.cognition.2006.12.011

We examined the effects of sensorimotor experience in two visual word recognition tasks. Body–object interaction (BOI) ratings were collected for a large set of words. These ratings assess perceptions of the ease with which a human body can physically interact with a word’s referent. A set of high BOI words (e.g., mask) and a set of low BOI words (e.g., ship) were created, matched on imageability and concreteness. Facilitatory BOI effects were observed in lexical decision and phonological lexical decision tasks: responses were faster for high BOI words than for low BOI words. We discuss how our findings may be accounted for by (a) semantic feedback within the visual word recognition system, and (b) an embodied view of cognition (e.g., Barsalou’s perceptual symbol systems theory), which proposes that semantic knowledge is grounded in sensorimotor interactions with the environment.